中小学生视力不良与环境因素关系分析

发布时间：2018-05-25 07:15

本文选题：近视 + 环境　；参考：《中国学校卫生》2014年08期

【摘要】：目的探讨环境因素与中小学生视力不良的关系,为预防视力不良提供科学依据。方法采用现况调查方法,对分层整群抽取的长沙市某县7所中小学校一~九年级共3 586名学生进行问卷调查。结果中小学生视力不良率为27.3%。单因素χ2检验结果显示:读写时眼睛距离书本不足1尺(33.3 cm)、脸趴在手臂上读书写字、在行驶的车上看书、在昏暗光线下看书、持续用眼30 min后不休息、持续用眼30 min后远眺休息、持续用眼30 min后户外活动以及每天睡眠时间大于10 h、平均每周上体育课的天数、1周内累计运动次数及平均每天户外活动的时间、每天按时就餐等不同情况下,学生视力不良率差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,读写时眼睛距离书本不足1尺(OR=2.331)、在行驶的车上看书(OR=1.959)、持续用眼30 min不休息(OR=1.318)是视力不良的危险因素,而持续用眼30min后户外活动(OR=0.618)是视力不良的保护因素。结论中小学生视力不良与多种环境因素有关,应采取相应干预措施预防视力不良的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the relationship between environmental factors and visual acuity in primary and middle school students, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of visual acuity. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 586 students in grade 1 ~ 9 of 7 primary and middle schools in Changsha by stratified cluster sampling. Results the visual acuity rate of primary and middle school students was 27.3. The results of univariate 蠂 2 test showed that the eyes were less than 1 foot / 33.3 cm / cm from the book during reading and writing. Their faces were lying on their arms reading and writing. They were reading in the driving car and reading in the dim light. After 30 min of continuous use of their eyes, they did not rest. After 30 min of continuous eye use and rest, the outdoor activities and sleeping time were more than 10 hours after 30 min of continuous eye use. The average number of days of physical education class per week and the average time of outdoor activities in one week were calculated. Under different conditions such as eating on time every day, the difference of the rate of visual acuity was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, In reading and writing, the distance between eyes and books was less than 1 foot / 2. 331m. Reading in a driving car was 1.959 ~ (5) and using eyes for 30 min without rest was a risk factor for poor eyesight, while outdoor activities after continuous use of 30min were the protective factors of poor eyesight. Conclusion the visual acuity of primary and middle school students is related to many environmental factors, and the corresponding intervention measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of visual acuity.
【作者单位】：中南大学公共卫生学院;中南大学湘雅医院;宁乡县疾病预防控制中心;复旦大学上海医学院;
【基金】：国家科技2012年度卫生公益性行业科研专项(201202010)
【分类号】：R778.1

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