儿童弱视发病相关因素的1:1匹配病例对照研究

发布时间：2018-07-22 20:41

【摘要】：目的：探讨儿童弱视患病的主要相关因素。方法：采用1：1匹配的病例对照研究方法,对新诊断的100例弱视儿童及与病例同性别、同居住地区、年龄相差±0.5岁以内的100名健康儿童进行调查。应用条件Logistic回归分析方法分析先天发育因素、后天视觉刺激环境以及儿童营养因素等对弱视患病的影响。结果：单因素分析结果显示,怀孕次数多、常居环境采光差、父亲生育年龄大、母亲孕期接触电脑,儿童发钙和发铜含量高,发锌含量和血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力低等则患弱视的危险性越大；儿童甜食摄入少、喜食蔬菜、水果、海产品、豆类,母亲孕期多食水果、海产品及豆类则患弱视危险性低。多因素logistic回归分析显示,母亲孕次多、儿童常居环境采光差、甜食摄入多、发锌含量和血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力较低是弱视发生的主要危险因素。多食海产品则是保护性因素。交互作用结果显示,怀孕次数、甜食摄入在弱视的发生中呈拮抗作用；相加模型支持儿童常居环境采光、甜食摄入在弱视的发生中呈协同作用。甜食摄入与弱视发生存在剂量-反应关系。结论：儿童弱视患病受多因素影响,母亲孕次多、儿童常居环境采光差、甜食摄入多、发锌含量和血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力较低是弱视发生的主要危险因素。多食海产品则是保护性因素。怀孕次数、甜食摄入在弱视的发生中呈拮抗作用；相加模型支持儿童常居环境采光、甜食摄入在弱视的发生中呈协同作用。甜食摄入与弱视发生存在剂量-反应关系。提示先天发育环境、后天视觉刺激环境以及儿童营养因素共同影响儿童弱视的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the main related factors of amblyopia in children. Methods: the 1:1 matched case-control study was used to investigate 100 newly diagnosed children with amblyopia and 100 healthy children with the same sex and living area and within 卤0.5 years of age. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of congenital developmental factors, acquired visual stimulation environment and nutritional factors on amblyopia. Results: the results of univariate analysis showed that there were more pregnancies, poor lighting in living environment, older father's reproductive age, contact with computer during pregnancy, and high hair calcium and copper content in children. Hair zinc content and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity were at greater risk of amblyopia. Children ate less sweet food, eating vegetables, fruits, seafood, beans, and more fruits during pregnancy. Seafood and beans are at low risk of amblyopia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factors of amblyopia were the maternal pregnancy, poor light and sweet food intake, low hair zinc content and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity. More seafood is a protective factor. The results of interaction showed that the incidence of amblyopia was antagonistic to the number of pregnancies, and the additive model supported the children to live in the environment of light, while the intake of sweet food played a synergistic role in the occurrence of amblyopia. There was a dose-response relationship between sweet food intake and amblyopia. Conclusion: amblyopia in children is affected by many factors. The main risk factors of amblyopia are low zinc content in hair and low glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma. More seafood is a protective factor. The number of pregnancies, sweet food intake in the occurrence of amblyopia showed an antagonistic effect; the additive model supported the children to live in the environment light, sweet food intake in the occurrence of amblyopia showed a synergistic effect. There was a dose-response relationship between sweet food intake and amblyopia. The results suggest that congenital developmental environment, acquired visual stimulation environment and nutritional factors affect the occurrence of amblyopia in children.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R777.44

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