耳道静压对中耳传声影响的模拟研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 15:36

【摘要】：一般而言鼓膜两边的气压刚好平衡，但因为一些特殊原因使鼓膜两边的气压不平衡时，，鼓膜则受到一个静压力的作用，此时中耳的传声则就会发生显著改变。本文是利用有限元的方法研究耳道静压对中耳声音传递的影响，主要做了如下研究：首先，根据无听力损伤病史的颞骨螺旋CT扫描影像数据集，通过图象处理软件和CAD软件，获得中耳几何模型，并通过有限元前处理软件Hypermesh进行网格划分，获得中耳的三维有限元模型，并根据国内外的研究成果反复验证和修正有限元模型。在得到比较完善有限元模型的基础上，根据相关文献关于不同压力下中耳响应实验数据并结合有限元计算，用试算法拟合出了中耳各构件的等效弹性模量与耳道静压力的关系的经验公式。然后，通过改变中耳各软组织的材料参数模拟了耳道静压对中耳机动性的影响，得出了不同耳道压力下镫骨底板和鼓膜脐部的速度、位移的变化，以及不同压力下耳蜗两窗压力差的变化。本文的结果表明：耳道正压对中耳声音传递的影响稍大于正压，在低频范围外耳道静压对两窗压力差的影响稍大于对镫骨位移的影响。本文的研究为中耳鼓室图的建立提供基础。
[Abstract]:Generally speaking, the air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane is just balanced, but when the pressure on the two sides of the tympanic membrane is unbalanced for some special reasons, the tympanic membrane is subjected to a static pressure, and the sound transmission of the middle ear will change significantly. In this paper, we use finite element method to study the effect of auditory canal static pressure on middle ear sound transmission. Firstly, according to the temporal bone spiral CT scan data set without history of hearing impairment, we do the following research. Through image processing software and CAD software, the middle ear geometry model is obtained, and the three-dimensional finite element model of middle ear is obtained by Hypermesh, a finite element pre-processing software. According to the domestic and foreign research results, the finite element model is repeatedly verified and modified. On the basis of getting the perfect finite element model, according to the experimental data of the middle ear response under different pressure and combining with the finite element calculation, The empirical formula of the relationship between the equivalent elastic modulus of each component of the middle ear and the static pressure of the ear canal is fitted by the trial algorithm. Then, by changing the material parameters of the soft tissues of the middle ear, the influence of the static pressure of the ear canal on the mobility of the middle ear is simulated, and the changes of the velocity and displacement of the stapes floor and the umbilical cord of the tympanic membrane under different ear canal pressures are obtained. And the change of cochlear pressure difference between two windows under different pressure. The results show that the influence of positive pressure of ear canal on the sound transmission of middle ear is slightly greater than that of positive pressure, and the influence of static pressure of external auditory canal on the pressure difference between two windows is slightly greater than that on stapes displacement in low frequency range. This study provides a basis for the establishment of tympanogram of the middle ear.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH785.1;R764

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