听障儿童语调特征及语调异常干预研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 18:18

【摘要】：汉语普通话的语调可以表达语气和语义,传递情感。正确的语调表达是人类言语过程中不可或缺的部分。语调异常是听障儿童普遍存在的言语障碍之一,影响听障儿童沟通交流的顺畅和有效性。因此,对听障儿童语调异常进行干预非常重要。而国内外已有的研究中,对听障儿童语调研究集中在听觉感知方面,较少语调发音特征的研究,临床上语调异常的干预研究更是缺乏。因此,本文对4-5岁健听儿童30名和听障儿童30名进行了语调特征的研究。旨在通过主观评估和声学特征的研究,从不同范畴考察听障儿童陈述与疑问语调表达的主要特点,进而提出有针对性的语调异常干预策略。首先,通过主观评估考察本研究所取30名听障儿童语调异常的发生率和特点,其中有28名有语调异常的情况,占总人数的93.33%,产生异常的原因主要有疑问语气表达不充分和语句中声调“畸变”。听障儿童陈述语调的主观评估得分与健听儿童相比无显著性差异,疑问语调主观评估得分与健听儿童相比有显著性差异。其次,通过听障儿童与健听儿童比较研究,考察听障儿童语调语句音高的声学特征：听障儿童在陈述语调上差异总体表现为语句基频斜率值偏小,即陈述语调音高下倾趋势过多；在疑问语调上,语句基频平均值和基频斜率值均小于健听儿童,即疑问语调音高上扬趋势和抬高的水平都不足。第三,两类儿童在通过边界调表达疑问语调时,总体上都通过提高边界调起点基频值、终点基频值、基频平均值和基频斜率值与陈述语调相区分。但听障儿童与健听儿童相比,陈述语调下：听障儿童一声边界调基频斜率值偏低即音高下倾趋势过多,四声边界调起点基频值,终点基频值及基频平均值都偏低即降低趋势过多；疑问语调下：听障儿童一、二、三边界调基频斜率值偏小,即音高上扬趋势不足。一、四边界调起点基频值、终点基频值及基频平均值都偏低即音高水平抬高不够。第四、在听障儿童语调特征研究的基础上,提出了语调异常的干预策略,包括基础性干预策略和针对性干预策略。此外,通过对一例三声调“畸变”而导致语调异常的听障儿童进行干预,从而验证了干预策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:The intonation of Chinese Putonghua can express mood and semantics and convey emotion. Correct intonation is an indispensable part of human speech. Abnormal intonation is one of the common speech disorders in hearing-impaired children, which affects the communication and communication of hearing-impaired children. Therefore, it is very important to interfere with the abnormal intonation of children with hearing impairment. However, the research on the intonation of children with hearing impairment focuses on auditory perception, less on the pronunciation characteristics of intonation, and on the intervention of abnormal intonation in clinic. Therefore, the intonation characteristics of 30 children with hearing impairment and 30 children with hearing impairment were studied. Through the study of subjective assessment and acoustic characteristics, this paper investigates the main characteristics of children with hearing impairment in terms of their statements and interrogative intonation in different categories, and then puts forward targeted intervention strategies for abnormal intonation. First of all, the incidence and characteristics of 30 hearing-impaired children with abnormal intonation were investigated by subjective assessment. Among them, 28 had abnormal intonation, accounting for 93.33% of the total. The main reasons for the abnormal tone are inadequate expression of interrogative mood and distortion of tone in sentences. There was no significant difference in subjective assessment scores between children with hearing impairment and those in children with hearing impairment, but there was significant difference in subjective assessment scores of interrogative intonation between children with hearing impairment and children with hearing impairment. Secondly, through a comparative study between children with hearing impairment and children with hearing impairment, the acoustic characteristics of the pitch of intonation sentences of children with hearing impairment were investigated. The differences in the statement intonation of children with hearing impairment showed that the slope of the basic frequency of statements was small. That is to say, the intonation of intonation tends to fall too much; In interrogative intonation, the average of sentence base frequency and the slope of basic frequency are lower than those of the children, that is to say, the rising trend and the rising level of the pitch of interrogative intonation are insufficient. Thirdly, when expressing interrogative intonation through the boundary tone, the two groups of children are distinguished from the declarative intonation by increasing the threshold frequency, the terminal fundamental frequency, the fundamental average frequency and the fundamental slope value of the boundary tone. But compared with the hearing-impaired children, the children with hearing impairment had a tendency to lower the base frequency slope of one sound boundary modulation, and to adjust the starting fundamental frequency value of the four-tone boundary, compared with those of the hearing impaired children, under the condition of statement and intonation: the slope value of the base frequency was lower than that of the hearing impaired children. The base frequency and the average value of the end point are too low, that is to say, the trend is too low. Under interrogative intonation: the slope of the first, second, and third boundaries of children with hearing impairment is small, that is, the rising trend of pitch is insufficient. The first and fourth boundary modulation threshold fundamental frequency, the end base frequency and the fundamental frequency average are all low, that is, the pitch level elevation is not enough. Fourthly, on the basis of the research on the intonation characteristics of children with hearing impairment, the paper puts forward the intervention strategies of abnormal intonation, including basic intervention strategies and targeted intervention strategies. In addition, the effectiveness of the intervention strategy was verified by the intervention of a child with abnormal intonation caused by a three-tone "distortion".
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R764

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