合肥某高校低年级女大学生视力现状及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-12-20 05:48

【摘要】：目的了解合肥某高校女大学生视力水平及其影响因素，，为开展大学生近视预防与干预提供依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法，以合肥市某高校护理系大一和大二全体女学生为调查对象整群抽样，共527名。采用国际标准“E”字形的视力表，将视力表架放置于不会受到阳光干扰的检查室内，要求距离为5m，测试其裸眼视力及矫正视力。自行设计调查问卷，获得调查对象的基本情况、家庭背景、用眼习惯、作息习惯、体育锻炼情况、饮食行为习惯及父母视力状况、作息习惯、家庭功能得分等方面资料。按家庭所在地、家庭收入水平、父母视力水平、父母文化程度和家庭功能等分组，采用卡方检验比较不同组间近视检出率。采用多因素Logistic回归分析女大学生视力的影响因素。结果（1）本次调查的女大学生共计527名，平均年龄为(20.91±1.00)岁，其中年龄最小为18岁，年龄最大为24岁。527名调查对象中近视人数为504人，占95.6%。（2）女大学生近视的单因素分析，错误的握笔姿势(χ2=6.614, P=0.037)、暗光阅读（夜晚用灯习惯）(χ2=6.100, P=0.047)、课间休息时闭目养神或远眺(χ2=22.742,P0.001)、在走路乘车时看书(χ2=8.102，P=0.017)等因素的不同组间女大学生视力水平的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。（3）多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，错误的握笔姿势(OR=2.608,95%CI:1.021-6.659)、课间玩手机(OR=4.000,95%CI:1.029-15.551)与女大学生近视风险增加有显著关联，课间闭目或远眺(OR=13.968,95%CI:4.247-45.947)与女大学生近视风险减少有显著关联。结论高校女大学生近视检出率高达95.6%，握笔姿势、课间休息时闭目养神或远眺及课间玩手机等为其视力主要影响因素，其中错误的握笔姿势及课间玩手机是视力的危险因素，而课间闭目或远眺是视力的保护因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the visual acuity of female college students in Hefei and its influencing factors so as to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of myopia among college students. Methods A group of 527 female freshmen and sophomores in nursing department of a university in Hefei were sampled by the convenient sampling method. Using the "E" glyph visual acuity chart of the international standard, the visual acuity meter frame is placed in the inspection room which will not be disturbed by the sun. The distance required is 5 m. The naked visual acuity and corrected visual acuity of the visual acuity are tested. The questionnaire was designed by ourselves to obtain the basic information of the subjects, family background, eye use habit, working habit, physical exercise, eating behavior habit, parents' eyesight, working habit, family function score and so on. According to the location of the family, the income level of the family, the vision level of the parents, the educational level of the parents and the family function, chi-square test was used to compare the detection rate of myopia among different groups. The influencing factors of visual acuity of female college students were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results (1) there were 527 female college students in this survey, the average age was (20.91 卤1.00) years old, the youngest was 18 years old, and the maximum age was 24 years old. (2) single factor analysis of myopia of female college students, wrong pen holding posture (蠂 2 6.614, P = 0.037), dark light reading (night lamp habit) (蠂 2 + 6.100, P = 0.047), During recess, the eyes were closed or overlooking (蠂 ~ 2 / 22. 742 / P0.001), and a book was read while walking in a car (蠂 ~ 2 = 8.102, 蠂 ~ 2 = 8.102, P ~ (0.001). There was significant difference in visual acuity of female college students among different groups (P0.05). (3). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the wrong pen holding position (OR=2.608,95%CI:1.021-6.659). There was a significant correlation between OR=4.000,95%CI:1.029-15.551 and the increased risk of myopia of female college students, and between closed eyes or overlooking (OR=13.968,95%CI:4.247-45.947) was significantly associated with the reduction of the risk of myopia of female college students. Conclusion the detection rate of myopia of female college students is as high as 95.6. The main influencing factors are the position of holding a pen, keeping your eyes closed during recess or overlooking from afar and playing with mobile phone during class. The wrong pen-holding posture and cell phone play are the risk factors of vision, while closed eyes or overlooking between classes are the protective factors of vision.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R778.11

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