非处方药致45例不良反应分析

发布时间：2018-03-30 07:04

本文选题：非处方药　切入点：不良反应　出处：《中国药房》2017年11期

【摘要】：目的:探讨非处方(OTC)药的不良反应(ADR)发生情况,指导患者合理用药。方法:回顾性分析我院2013年1月-2016年6月45例OTC药致ADR患者的一般情况、过敏史、致敏药物、用药原因、用药方式、潜伏期、住院天数、临床表现、治疗和转归等资料。结果:45例患者中,男性14例,女性31例;年龄以20~30岁居多(31.1%);3例患者有既往过敏史(6.7%);口服药物居多(82.2%);用药原因以呼吸系统疾病居多(23例,51.1%)。因果关系评价结果为肯定的3例(6.7%),很可能35例(77.8%),可能7例(15.6%)。致ADR药物主要类别为非甾体抗炎药(57.8%)、中成药(20.0%)和外用药(17.8%);ADR临床表现以发疹型药疹(33.3%)、多形红斑型药疹(24.4%)和荨麻疹型药疹(13.3%)为主。结论:非甾体抗炎药是引起ADR的主要致敏药物,OTC中成药引起的ADR不容疏忽。建议提高公众药疗知识和技能,科学使用OTC药,以提高合理药疗水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the incidence of adverse reactions (ADR) of over-the-counter OTC drugs and to guide patients to use them reasonably. Methods: the general situation, allergic history, sensitizers and reasons of 45 patients with ADR induced by OTC from January 2013 to June 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Results among 45 patients, 14 were male and 31 were female. Most of the 3 patients aged 20 to 30 years old had a history of allergies of 6.7%; oral drugs accounted for 82.2%; the causes of drug use were mainly respiratory diseases in 23 cases (51.1%). Causality was positive in 3 cases (77.8%), probably in 35 cases (77.8%), and in 7 cases (15.6%). The main clinical manifestations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) 57.8g (Chinese patent medicine 20.0) and external drug (17.8b) are as follows: rashes 33.3, polyerythema 24.4R) and urticaria (13.3b). Conclusion: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the main sensitizing agents to ADR. The ADR caused by the drug OTC should not be neglected. It is recommended that the public should improve their knowledge and skills in pharmacotherapy. Scientific use of OTC drugs in order to improve the level of rational pharmacotherapy.
【作者单位】：上海市虹口区江湾医院药剂科;
【基金】：上海市虹口区科学技术委员会医学课题(No.虹卫1502-09)
【分类号】：R95

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