双河洞放线菌多样性和抗菌活性的初步研究——以阴河洞和杉林洞为例

发布时间：2018-03-30 11:37

本文选题：洞穴　切入点：放线菌　出处：《中国岩溶》2015年06期

【摘要】：放线菌是微生物中重要的药用菌,其产生的抗生素是20世纪医学皇冠上最耀眼的明珠,但随着抗生素滥用,抗生素耐药现象日趋严重,因此从特殊生态环境中发现新放线菌物种和新抗生素克服耐药是科研人员正在尝试的途径之一,文章初步探究双河洞系统中阴河洞和杉林洞两个支洞的放线菌多样性,并对分离菌株的抗菌活性进行筛选。以纯培养方法获得放线菌,以16SrRNA基因序列比对,分析菌株类别,获得的菌株进行液体发酵,纸片琼脂扩散法测定其发酵产物对真菌和细菌的抗菌活性,同时用PCR技术进行NRPS、PKS I和PKS II抗生素生物合成基因的探测。从两个支洞样品中分离到的放线菌分布于7个科10个属,两个洞共66株放线菌中有32株的发酵产物在至少一个抗菌活性筛选中显示阳性,总阳性率为48.5%。抗生素生物合成基因的初步探测结果显示,31株菌存在至少一个生物合成基因,NRPS 28株,PKS I17株,PKS II 21株,其中12株同时具有3种生物合成基因。初步显示了双河洞系统蕴含丰富的放线菌资源,值得深入研究。
[Abstract]:Actinomycetes is one of the most important pharmaceutical bacteria in microbes. The antibiotics produced by actinomycetes are the most dazzling pearl in the medical crown of the 20th century. However, with the abuse of antibiotics, the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance is becoming more and more serious.Therefore, the discovery of new actinomycetes species and new antibiotics to overcome drug resistance is one of the ways that researchers are trying to find new actinomycetes from special ecological environment. This paper preliminarily explores the diversity of actinomycetes in two branch caves in Shuanghe Cave system: Yinhe Cave and Cunninghamia lanceolata Cave.The antimicrobial activity of the isolated strain was screened.Actinomycetes were obtained by pure culture, 16SrRNA gene sequence alignment was used to analyze the strain types, the obtained strains were fermented in liquid, and the antibacterial activity of the fermentation products against fungi and bacteria was determined by disk Agar diffusion method.At the same time, PCR technique was used to detect the antibiotic biosynthesis genes of NRPSN PKS I and PKS II.The preliminary detection results of antibiotic biosynthesis genes showed that at least one biosynthesis gene was found in 31 strains of bacteria, including at least one biosynthesis gene, PKS I17 strain and PKS II 21 strain, among which 12 strains had 3 biosynthesis genes.The results show that the Shuanghe Cave system contains abundant actinomycetes, which is worthy of further study.
【作者单位】：中国医学科学院&北京协和医学院医药生物技术研究所;贵州省山地资源研究所;贵州省喀斯特洞穴资源开发利用工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：2014年度中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(IMBF201407) 国家自然科学基金(81172963,81321004) 十二五“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2012ZX09301-002-001-018) 贵州省科技计划(黔科合G字[2014]4004)
【分类号】：Q939.132;R915

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