依据《药品不良反应信息通报》探讨避免药品不良反应发生的措施

发布时间：2018-05-03 16:51

本文选题：国家药品不良反应监测中心 + 药品不良反应信息通报　；参考：《中国医院药学杂志》2015年02期

【摘要】：目的:探讨如何利用官方发布的权威信息资源如国家药品不良反应监测中心的《药品不良反应信息通报》来确定处方干预监测重点,以避免一些严重ADR的重复发生。方法:对2001—2013年间的58期《药品不良反应信息通报》所涉及的药品、发布频度、累及器官或系统、主要临床表现及引发原因等进行回顾性研究分析,以确定在处方干预中重点监测项目及采取避免一些严重ADR发生的措施。结果:2001—2013年国家药品不良反应监测中心共发布《药品不良反应信息通报》58期,涉及药品115种,其中化学药97种,占84.35%,涉及15个类别药品。中成药18种,占15.65%。在通报的化学药品中抗感染药所占比例最大,为30.93%。被通报药品中化学药和中成药的注射剂和口服制剂引发的ADR大致相当。ADR累及器官或系统及主要临床表现以皮肤及其附件受损或过敏、全身性损害、泌尿系统及肾功能受损、肝功能异常或损害等最多。引发ADR除药品原因、患者个体差异外,还与临床不合理用药如超适应证、用法用量不规范、禁忌证用药、药物配伍、儿童用药不规范问题等有密切关系。结论:药品不良反应除药品本身性质引起和患者个体差异外,许多是由于临床不规范用药造成的,应予以重视,通过《药品不良反应信息通报》等官方信息资源可以确定处方干预监测重点,将可避免的ADR发生率降低到最低,在这一过程中药师将最大程度地发挥专业作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: To explore how to use officially published authoritative information resources such as the national drug adverse reaction monitoring center (the national drug adverse reaction monitoring center) to determine the focus of the prescription intervention monitoring in order to avoid the repeated occurrence of some serious ADR. Methods: release of the 58 phase of the drug adverse drug reactions (ADR) from 2001 to 2013. The frequency, the organ or system, the main clinical manifestations and the causes of the causes were reviewed and analyzed in order to determine the key monitoring projects in the prescription intervention and to take measures to avoid some serious ADR. Results: the national drug adverse drug reaction monitoring center issued the >58 period of the drug adverse reaction information bulletin from 2001 to 2013, involving drugs. There are 115 kinds, of which 97 are chemicals, accounting for 84.35%, involving 15 categories of drugs. 18 kinds of Chinese patent medicines, accounting for the largest proportion of 15.65%. in the notified chemicals, are the general phase of the.ADR involved in the organ or system and the main clinical manifestations of the.ADR in the notified chemicals and the injection and oral preparations of the Chinese patent medicine. The damage or allergy of the skin and its appendages, systemic damage, impaired urinary system and kidney function, abnormal liver function or damage and so on. It is closely related to the causes of the drug and the individual difference of the ADR, as well as the irrational use of the drug, such as the abnormal use and dosage, the taboo use, the compatibility of the drugs, the nonstandard problem of the drug use in children, and so on. Conclusion: in addition to the nature of the drug itself and the individual difference of the patient, many of the adverse drug reactions are caused by the clinical nonstandard drug use, and should be paid attention to. Through the official information resources such as the information bulletin on drug adverse reactions, the key points of the prescription intervention monitoring can be determined and the incidence of avoidable ADR is reduced to the lowest level. In this process Chinese medicine teachers will give full play to their professional role.

【作者单位】：北京积水潭医院药剂科;
【分类号】：R96

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