太原市临床医师对抗生素应用的认知调查及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 14:48

【摘要】：研究目的本次研究通过问卷调查与访谈相结合的方式，旨在得出太原市临床医师关于抗生素应用的“专业知识、用药态度、行为和工作需求”等四方面的整体情况，从而论证影响抗生素合理使用的医生因素及其关联强度。再通过不同级别医疗机构的数据比较，分析各个级别医疗机构临床医师抗生素的使用情况，找出差别性因素，为行政部门、医疗机构制订合理、相应的措施提供参考价值。研究方法 1.文献研究法：利用学校图书馆电子资源（包括外文检索数据库：PubMed、OVID、Medline等；中文检索数据库：中国期刊网、万方数据库、维普网数据库等）大量、广泛阅读国内外的相关资料，了解关于抗生素的研究现状、使用情况、存在的问题、原因及解决办法等。 2.问卷调查法：通过向研究对象发出有关研究内容的调查表，请其填写对相关问题的意见和建议，从而获得本课题研究所需信息。它是一种间接搜集研究材料的书面调查方法。本文综合大量文献研究的资料和访谈记录，制定、修改、再制定本次的调查问卷，对医疗机构的临床医师进行现场调研。 3.深入访谈法:是指访谈员和受访对象通过面对面交谈来实现了解受访对象关于研究问题心理和行为目的的一种研究方法。本文采取深入访谈形式。访谈员通过对医疗机构的院内感染管理委员会领导，临床科室主任、医师进行访谈，了解该院以及科室抗生素的使用情况，管理措施及本人对抗生素合理使用的建议等。研究结果 1.太原市临床医师对抗生素使用原则掌握较差，对常用抗生素运用知识比较了解。 2.持有不同用药态度和行为的临床医师对抗生素使用知识的认知水平有着明显差异，这也证明了对抗生素使用知识的理解会影响到医师对抗生素使用的态度和行为。 3.经过多因素分析结果发现，抗生素知识的认知水平主要与临床医师的年龄、专业类别、职称、工作年限和工作单位的类别有关系。 4.临床医师关于抗生素合理使用的培训需要较高。根据每级医疗机构人员需求的不同，我们采取私人定制的方式，三级医院可以多增设出国学习的机会，二级医院和社区卫生服务中心多以院内讲座和去上级医疗机构学习为主。研究结论 1.基于本课题研究结果，我们应该加强抗生素知识培训力度，尤其是抗生素应用原则与使用指南部分。 2.医疗机构应该开发并良好运用抗生素临床应用信息系统软件，达到前瞻性干预的效果，实现抗生素预防、治疗疾病全程监管、反馈、优化的良好愿景。 3.重视临床药学服务，发挥临床药师功能。临床药师参与临床服务，运用自己独特优势为临床医师提供必要的帮助，达到安全、合理、有效、经济的用药标准。 4.医疗机构应加强抗生素相关管理制度的落实、加大监管力度，分析利弊，让整个机构、全部员工意识到抗生素合理使用的重要性，转变观念，从己做起，做到责任到人，，奖惩分明。
[Abstract]:purpose of study The purpose of this study is to draw a conclusion about the antibiotics of Taiyuan Clinician by means of questionnaire and interview. Application's' Expertise, Medication Attitude, Behavior, and Work The overall situation of four aspects such as" demand "and so on, thus demonstrating the doctor's factors influencing the rational use of antibiotics and their correlation. Strength. Through data comparison of different levels of medical institutions, analyze the use situation of antibiotics in each level medical institution, find out the sex factors, and provide reference for the administrative departments and medical institutions to formulate reasonable and corresponding measures. Value. Research method 1. Literature research method: use the electronic resources of school library (including foreign language retrieval database: PubMed, OVID, Medline, etc.; Chinese retrieval database: Chinese web site network, Wanfang database, Vip network database, etc.) Relevant materials at home and abroad, understand the status quo of research on antibiotics, use situation, existing problems, Reasons and solutions, etc. The questionnaire survey: Please fill out comments and suggestions on relevant issues by issuing questionnaires to research subjects. Obtain the information needed by the research institute. It is an indirect collection. In this paper, the author makes a comprehensive study of literature and interview records, establishes, modifies, and formulates the questionnaire for the medical institution. Clinical physician on-site investigation. 3. In-depth interview method: refers to the interviewee and the interviewee through face-to-face conversation to realize the research question about the interviewee A Research on the Purpose of Psychology and Behavior Methods: In this paper, we take the form of in-depth interview. Through interviews with the leaders of the hospital infection management committee, the director of the clinical department and the doctor, the interviewer understands the usage and management measures of antibiotics in the hospital and department. I am confronted with Suggestions on rational use of antibiotics and so on. The results of the study are 1. The clinical physicians in Taiyuan use the original antibiotics for antibiotics. however, there is a significant difference in that cognitive level of antibiotic use knowledge by clinicians who hold different attitudes and behavior, and this also demonstrates the use of antibiotics Knowledge is understood to affect the attitude and behavior of the physician in the use of antibiotics. The results of multi-factor analysis have found that the cognitive level of antibiotic knowledge is primarily related to the clinician Type of age, professional category, job title, working year and working unit There is a relationship. 4. The clinical doctor's training for rational use of antibiotics needs to be higher. According to the needs of individual medical institutions, we adopt a private customization mode. The three-level hospitals can offer more opportunities to study abroad, and the second level Hospital and Society The district health service center is mainly focused on in-hospital lectures and study of higher-level medical institutions. Conclusion 1. Based on the study of this topic, however, we should strengthen that training of antibiotic knowledge, especially the application principle and use guidelines of antibiotics. achieves the effect of forward-looking intervention and realizes antibiotic prevention and treatment The overall supervision, feedback, and optimization of therapeutic diseases. 3. Pay attention to the clinical pharmacy service and play the function of clinical pharmacist. The clinical pharmacist is involved in the clinical service. The medical institution should strengthen the implementation of the relevant management system of antibiotics, strengthen supervision, analyze the advantages and disadvantages and make the whole
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R95

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