中低收入国家药品定价和采购的政策选择

发布时间：2018-11-16 19:43

【摘要】：药品支出上涨是全球问题。为应对这一压力,多数高收入国家制定并实施了一系列的药品定价和采购政策。然而,尽管中低收入国家希望能够有效控制药品支出预算,但其药品市场不规范,并缺乏可行的药品定价或采购政策。高收入国家药品支出通常由国家或社会医疗保险机构支付,而中低收入国家大多是个人自付,这会给政策执行造成阻力。由于对药品定价和采购政策是否高效缺乏严谨的调查研究,因而一定程度上阻碍了中低收入国家政策方案的实施。本文对已发表的有关药品定价和采购政策的文章进行综述发现,许多有效的政策也伴随着各种风险。全球尚没有一种最佳的政策选择,各国应根据具体国情,多种政策结合使用。中低收入国家的实证研究尚不足,由于缺乏完善的法律体系以及未建立专门的药品采购机构,任何一种政策选择所伴随的风险在这些国家都会引起更大的争议,然而这或许是帮助其改善药品定价和采购体系的关键因素。
[Abstract]:Rising drug spending is a global problem. In response to this pressure, most high-income countries have developed and implemented a range of drug pricing and procurement policies. However, despite the desire of low- and middle-income countries to effectively control their drug spending budgets, their drug markets are irregular and lack viable drug pricing or procurement policies. High-income countries usually pay for drugs by state or social health insurance agencies, while low- and middle-income countries mostly pay for themselves, creating obstacles to policy implementation. Due to the lack of rigorous investigation and research on the efficiency of drug pricing and procurement policies, the implementation of policy programs in low- and middle-income countries is hindered to some extent. This paper reviews the published articles on drug pricing and procurement policy and finds that many effective policies are accompanied by various risks. There is no best policy choice in the world. Countries should combine various policies according to their specific conditions. Empirical research in low- and middle-income countries is inadequate, and the risks associated with any policy choice are more controversial in those countries because of the lack of a sound legal system and the absence of specialized drug procurement agencies. But this may be a key factor in helping it improve its drug pricing and procurement systems.
【作者单位】：南澳大学药学与医学院;河内医药大学药品经济与药品管理系;新南威尔士大学公共卫生与社区医学院;
【分类号】：R95

【共引文献】