我院2011-2013年住院患者抗菌药物应用与细菌耐药性分析

发布时间：2019-03-14 08:34

【摘要】：目的:了解医院抗菌药物应用和临床主要致病菌耐药情况,为细菌感染性疾病治疗和抗菌药物合理应用提供依据。方法:统计咸阳市中心医院2011-2013年住院患者抗菌药物的消耗金额和用药频度(DDDs),并对同期临床送检标本进行细菌培养鉴定及药敏试验,分析其结果。结果:2011-2013年,头孢菌素类、β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复方制剂和其他β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的消耗金额始终排在各类抗菌药物的前3位,喹诺酮类所占销售金额的比例逐年下降,但其代表品种左氧氟沙星的DDDs在2013年出现上升且排序提前。表皮葡萄球菌居医院感染葡萄球菌中的第1位,始终位列分离病原菌的前3位,对很多药物的耐药率达50%以上。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌是分离出的主要革兰阴性菌,对多种抗菌药物具有不同程度的耐药性。结论:该院的细菌耐药形势严峻,应根据药敏结果谨慎选择抗菌药物以进一步提高临床疗效。
[Abstract]:Aim: to understand the application of antibiotics in hospital and the drug resistance of major clinical pathogens in order to provide the basis for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases and the rational use of antibiotics. Methods: the consumption and frequency of antibacterial drugs in the inpatients of Xianyang Central Hospital from 2011 to 2013 were counted and the bacterial culture identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out on the samples sent for clinical examination at the same time. The results were analyzed. Results: from 2011 to 2013, the consumption of cephalosporins, 尾-lactamase inhibitor compound preparations and other 尾-lactam antibiotics ranked among the top 3 antibiotics. The proportion of quinolones in sales declined year by year, but the DDDs of levofloxacin, a representative of quinolones, increased and ranked earlier in 2013. Staphylococci epidermidis ranked first among hospital-infected staphylococci and always ranked among the top three isolated pathogens. The drug-resistant rate of Staphylococcus epidermidis to many drugs was more than 50%. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the major gram-negative bacteria isolated and have different degrees of drug resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents. Conclusion: the situation of bacterial drug resistance in this hospital is serious, and antibiotics should be carefully selected according to the results of drug sensitivity in order to further improve the clinical efficacy.
【作者单位】：陕西中医学院;咸阳市中心医院;
【分类号】：R95

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