药源性损害导致患者需要输血治疗的研究

发布时间：2019-04-18 07:28

【摘要】：2013年度国家药品不良反应监测年度报告显示,目前我国的药品应用安全风险在增加,药物的不合理应用现象仍较为普遍,警示我们医务工作人员和患者应该继续加强用药安全意识,并注意防范和评价药物应用时的风险。目的：了解药源性损害引起输血的概况、致病因素及防范措施,为临床安全、合理用药及减少医疗资源浪费提供参考依据。方法：收集2012年5月-2014年5月于我院外科、消化科、儿科诊治的药源性输血患者213例,采用统一的药历首页调查表进行调查分析,调查内容包括患者一般情况、基础疾病、既往用药史,药物过敏史,用药情况(药品名称、剂量、疗程、给药途径等)、相关实验室检查结果、相关功能学检查结果、药源性损害发生的时间、症状、处理情况以及转归。结果：一般情况：213例患者中男性87例,女性126例,男女比例1：1.45。最大年龄88岁,最小年龄6岁,平均年龄56.42±10.88岁,其中老年组(≥65岁)比例最高,占53.9%,其次为中青年组(23～45岁)比例占26.7%。用药疗程12周的共163例,占总例数的76.5%。致损害药物情况：非甾体类抗炎药占43.9%,感冒药占22.7%,激素类药占12.3%,中药占10.7%,抗凝药占6.8%。输血类型：消化道出血93例(43.7%)、血小板减少46例(21.6%)、全血细胞减少42例(19.7%)、溶血性贫血32例(15.0%)。转归情况：治愈199例(93.4%),好转10例(4.7%),死亡4例(1.9%)。结论：1.药源性输血发病率最高是老年组,占53.9%,其次为中青年组,占26.7%。老年组药源性输血大多数出现于服药3个月,中青年组大多是自行服药量过大所致。2.不合理用药和未及时复查相关实验室指标来调整服用药物是主要诱发因素,引起药源性输血的药物多见于非甾体类抗炎药、感冒药、激素类药物等。
[Abstract]:The national adverse drug reaction monitoring annual report in 2013 shows that at present, the risk of drug application safety is increasing in our country, and the phenomenon of unreasonable drug use is still common. It is warned that medical staff and patients should continue to strengthen the awareness of drug use safety, and pay attention to the prevention and evaluation of the risk of drug use. Objective: to understand the general situation, pathogenic factors and preventive measures of blood transfusion caused by drug-induced injury, so as to provide reference basis for clinical safety, rational use of drugs and reduction of waste of medical resources. Methods: from May 2012 to May 2014, 213 patients with drug-induced blood transfusion were collected from surgery, Department of Digestive and Pediatrics in our hospital, and were investigated and analyzed by the uniform questionnaire on the first page of the calendar. The contents of the survey included the general situation of the patients and the underlying diseases. Previous history of drug use, history of drug allergy, drug use (drug name, dosage, course of treatment, route of administration, etc.), results of related laboratory tests, results of related functional tests, time of occurrence of drug-induced damage, symptoms, Deal with the situation and the outcome. Results: in general, there were 87 males and 126 females in 213 patients. The ratio of males to females was 1 / 1.45. The maximum age was 88 years old, the minimum age was 6 years old, and the average age was 56.42 卤10.88 years. The proportion of elderly group (鈮，

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