邻苯二甲酸酯暴露及其对儿童生长发育影响的研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 04:10

本文关键词：邻苯二甲酸酯暴露及其对儿童生长发育影响的研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：邻苯二甲酸酯是一种环境内分泌干扰物,在日常生活中广泛存在。本研究选取湖北省中部某地,采用气流吹扫微注射器萃取技术(GP-MSE)与气相色谱(GC)联用方法,检测该地区工厂区和非工厂区土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的含量。同时对该地区学龄前儿童血清中邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物、甲状腺相关激素进行检测,并结合收集到的流行病学资料,探讨邻苯二甲酸酯内暴露的影响因素及其对儿童生长发育的影响。第一章GP-MSE与GC联用检测土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯类污染物的方法学研究目的：通过优化气流吹扫微注射器萃取技术(GP-MSE)的各项参数,建立GP-MSE与气相(GC)联用分析方法,检测电器生产厂周围土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯残留和分布,获取土壤中6种邻苯二甲酸酯的外暴露数据,探讨电器工业对土壤中PAEs污染的危害程度。方法：以中部某电池厂为研究对象,选择该厂周围4个采样区域,分别是居民区、路边、农田和荒地,同时选择距离该厂10km的乡村作为对照组,采集相同区域类型的土壤样本,每个区域采集土壤样本30～50份。用GP-MSE对样本进行前处理,对仪器的气流量、萃取时间、萃取溶剂、加热温度及冷凝温度等各项参数进行优化,结合GC对土壤中各种酞酸酯的浓度进行测定。结果：经过对GP-MSE的不断优化,最终确定GP-MSE的萃取条件为：气体流量2.0mL/min,萃取时间4min,萃取溶剂为正己烷：丙酮(1：1,V：V),加热温度和冷凝温度分别为280℃和-4℃。对土壤样本检测发现,电器厂周围PAEs的浓度显著高于对照组。居民区中,电器厂周围土壤中DBP(5.63±3.95mg/kg)和DEHP(26.0±25.9mg/kg)的含量分别是对照组(1.66±2.41mg/kg,11.12±13.32mg/kg)的3倍和2倍以上,而以路边为类型的采样区域中,这一倍数是7和2。在农田区域中,污染组中DMP (2.10±2.24mg/kg)、DEP (4.01±2.63mg/kg)和DBP (4.88±3.62mg/kg)的浓度也明显高于对照组(1.10±1.38mg/kg,1.76±2.90mg/kg,2.22±3.01mg/kg)。来自荒地采样点的土壤样本中,污染组中DEP(2.62±1.35mg/kg)和DBP(3.51±3.71ng/kg)的含量也高于对照组(0.91±0.45mg/kg,1.23±0.77mg/kg)。结论：GP-MSE与GC联用具有试剂用量少、萃取时间短、使用方便等特点,适用于土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的检测分析,且电器厂周围土壤中PAEs的浓度显著高于对照组,表明日益发展的电子工业会加重土壤中PAEs的污染程度。第二章学龄前儿童邻苯二甲酸酯暴露影响因素及其对甲状腺和生长发育的影响目的：监测该地区5-7岁儿童血清中邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的浓度,并结合收集的流行病学资料,分析影响学龄前儿童邻苯二甲酸酯内暴露的相关因素。同时测定其血清中甲状腺激素及生长发育的各项指标,探讨邻苯二甲酸酯对儿童甲状腺及生长发育造成的影响。方法：调查该地区5-7岁在校儿童,用HPLC-MS/MS检测其血清中邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的浓度。通过调查问卷询问研究对象的家庭情况、居住环境、生活方式等信息,χ2检验比较不同特征变量在邻苯二甲酸单酯水平的分布情况,有统计学意义的纳入有序多分类logistic回归,用于进行PAEs内暴露影响因素分析。同时采用酶联免疫法测定血清中甲状腺相关激素(FT3、FT4、T3、T4、TSH、TG),采用化学发光法测定血清中IGF-1、IGFBP-3的浓度,并且测量儿童的体质指数(BMI)及腰围(WC),多元线性回归模型控制混杂因素后,分析不同浓度邻苯二甲酸单酯与甲状腺及生长发育各指标间的关联。结果：通过检测该地区216名5-7岁儿童血清样本,发现8种PAEs代谢产物的浓度依次为MBPMMPMEPMEHHPMEOHPMEHPMBzPMOP,有序多分类logistic回归显示居住地、建筑类型、儿童房间装修材料类型、是否用塑料袋包裹食物、儿童饮水来源等是多数邻苯二甲酸酯代谢产物的影响因素。多元线性回归进一步分析发现,MEOHP、MOP与FT3的回归系数分别为0.258(95%CI:0.069,0.447)、0.201(95%CI:0.052,0.351), MBP、MBzP与T4的回归系数为-0.739(95%CI:-1.366,-0.113)、-0.562(95%CI:-1.075,-0.049)。 MMP、MBP与IGF-1的回归系数分别为-0.082(95%CI：-0.164,-0.001)、-0.132(95%CI.-0.209,-0.055)：MMP、MEP与IGFBP-3间的回归系数分别为-0.01(95%CI:-0.001,0.000)、-0.01(95%CI:-0.003,0.000).同时研究还发现随着血清样本中∑mPAEs总浓度的增加,BMI及WC均呈上升趋势,但女生上升趋势更加明显一些。结论：使用墙面漆、用塑料包裹食物、饮用井水和池塘水等生活方式会加重体内邻苯二甲酸酯内暴露的浓度。邻苯二甲酸酯会干扰学龄前儿童体内甲状腺激素及生长激素调控,也会影响儿童的体质指数及腰围。
[Abstract]:Phthalic acid ester two is a kind of environmental endocrine disruptors, widely exists in our daily life. This study selected the middle part of Hubei province in the gp-mse (GP-MSE) and gas chromatography (GC) combined with the method, content of the adjacent benzene two formate detection factories in the region and non industrial areas in the soil. At the same time, the adjacent benzene two formic acid ester metabolites in serum of preschool children in the area, thyroid hormones were detected, and combined with the epidemiological data collected, the influence factors on the influence of the adjacent benzene two formic acid ester in the exposure of children's growth and development.
A methodological study on the detection of phthalic acid esters in soil by GP-MSE and GC
Objective: to optimize the gp-mse (GP-MSE) parameters, the establishment of GP-MSE gas (GC) combined with analysis, detection of soil around electrical equipment manufacturer in the adjacent benzene two carbamate residues and distribution, obtaining 6 kinds of phthalate esters in soil of two formic acid exposure data, explore the electrical appliance industry in PAEs polluted soil damage.
Methods: in the middle of a battery factory as the research object, select the factory around 4 sampling areas, respectively, is a residential area, roadside farmland and wasteland, and from the factory 10km village as the control group, the same type of soil samples collected area, each area of soil samples collected from 30 to 50. Before the treatment the sample with GP-MSE, gas flow rate, the instrument extraction time, extraction solvent, the parameters of heating temperature and condensing temperature are optimized, with the concentration of GC on various kinds of phthalate esters in soil were determined.
Results: after continuous optimization of GP-MSE, and ultimately determine the extraction conditions for GP-MSE gas flow 2.0mL/min, extraction time 4min, extraction solvent is hexane: acetone (1:1, V:V), heating temperature and condensing temperature are respectively -4 and 280 DEG C C. Found on soil samples, the concentration of PAEs was around Electrical Appliance Factory higher than the control group. The residential area, electrical plant in the soil around the DBP (5.63 + 3.95mg/kg) and DEHP (26 + 25.9mg/kg) in the control group respectively (1.66 + 2.41mg/kg, 11.12 + 13.32mg/kg) 3 times and 2 times, and the sampling area in the roadside for type, this ratio is 7 and 2. in the area of farmland, pollution in the group of DMP (2.10 + 2.24mg/kg), DEP (4.01 + 2.63mg/kg) and DBP (4.88 + 3.62mg/kg) were also significantly higher than the control group (1.10 + 1.38mg/kg, 1.76 + 2.90mg/kg, 2.22 + 3.01mg/kg). From the sampling points in the wasteland soil samples, pollution group The content of DEP (2.62 + 1.35mg/kg) and DBP (3.51 + 3.71ng/kg) in the control group was also higher than that of the control group (0.91 + 0.45mg/kg, 1.23 + 0.77mg/kg).
Conclusion: with less reagent combined with GP-MSE and GC, the extraction time is short, easy to use, suitable for the detection of soil in the adjacent benzene two formic acid ester analysis, and the concentration of PAEs in soil around the electric appliance factory is significantly higher than the control group, showed that the pollution degree of the electronics industry development will add PAEs in heavy soil.
The influence factors of phthalate exposure in second preschool children and its influence on the thyroid and growth and development
Objective: the concentration of phthalic acid ester two metabolites monitoring in the area of children aged 5-7 in serum, and then combined with the epidemiological data collected, to analyze the influencing factors of preschool children in the adjacent benzene two carbamate exposure. Simultaneous determination of serum thyroid hormone and growth indexes, investigate the adjacent benzene two formic acid ester children with thyroid and growth effects.
Method: a survey of the area of school children aged 5-7, concentration of phthalate two formic ester metabolites in serum by HPLC-MS/MS. Through the questionnaire about family, study the living environment and lifestyle information distribution, 2 test comparison of different variables in a two phthalic acid monoester into the level. There was statistical significance logistic regression, to analyze the influential factors of PAEs exposure. The determination of serum thyroid hormone and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FT3, FT4, T3, T4, TSH, TG, IGF-1) in serum were determined by chemical luminescence method, the concentration of IGFBP-3, and the measurement of children's physique index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), multiple linear regression model after controlling for confounding factors, analysis of different concentrations of phthalate monoester two formic acid and thyroid and correlation among the indexes of growth and development.
Results: through the detection of the 216 serum samples of children aged 5-7 years, found that the concentration of 8 PAEs metabolites were MBPMMPMEPMEHHPMEOHPMEHPMBzPMOP, ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that residence, building type, type of children room decoration materials, whether or not to use plastic bags of food, children's drinking water sources are the factors influencing the majority of the adjacent benzene two formate metabolism the result of multiple linear regression. Further analysis showed that MEOHP, MOP and FT3 respectively, the regression coefficient was 0.258 (95%CI:0.069,0.447), 0.201 (95%CI:0.052,0.351), MBP, MBzP and T4 of the regression coefficient is -0.739 (95%CI:-1.366, -0.113), -0.562 (95%CI:-1.075, -0.049). MMP, MBP and IGF-1 respectively, the regression coefficient is -0.082 (95%CI:-0.164, -0.001), -0.132 (95%CI.-0.209, -0.055):MMP, the regression coefficient between IGFBP-3 and MEP were -0.01 (95% CI:-0.001,0.000), -0.01 (95%CI:-0.003,0.000). The study also found that with the increase of the total concentration of sigma mPAEs in serum samples, both BMI and WC showed an upward trend, but the rising trend of girls was more obvious.
Conclusion: the use of wall paint, wrapped in plastic food, drinking water and other water pond lifestyle will increase in concentration of phthalate exposure. In two formic acid ester phthalate two formic acid ester can interfere with preschool children in thyroid hormone and growth hormone regulation, will also affect the body mass index and waist circumference in children.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R114

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