基于GIS的居家老人常患疾病监测与突发事故应急辅助决策研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 06:29

本文关键词：基于GIS的居家老人常患疾病监测与突发事故应急辅助决策研究　出处：《武汉大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国家统计局2011年第六次全国人口普查数据显示,我国老龄化进程逐步加快。当前的计划生育政策、经济环境和竞争形势导致子女们没有时间或能力照顾老人,养老暂时又不能全靠政府,社会居家养老服务模式有望解决上述问题。随着社会的发展进步,子女最关心的不再是老人的衣食起居,而是老人的身体状况,疾病或灾害突发时的应急救援,这已成为解决居家养老的关键问题。国家“十二五”规划要求大力发展城市信息化建设、智慧城市建设,运用IT技术、GIS技术、互联网、物联网和技术提高城市管理和公众服务水平。本文针对日益显著的社区居家养老的需求,运用GIS技术,RFID室内定位技术和语义推理技术,重点研究了居家老人常患疾病监测与突发事故应急辅助决策问题,取得下列具有一定创新性的研究成果。 (1)建立了老年人生理指标本体库和常患疾病推理规则库,同时也建立了老年人常患疾病诊断标准的必备标准表和可选择标准表,能完成老年人日益突发疾病的诊断和及时预警。 (2)在充分研究多种路径计算模型的前提下,考虑道路情况的时变性和复杂性,针对路段阻抗最小和交叉口信号灯延误时间最小两个目标,基于GIS,提出了基于遗传算法的送医模型,可快速计算出综合的最(较)优送医路径,并与静态算法进行对比验证,且在GIS综合解决方案设计平台上实践模拟,实验结果表明,相对传统的运用GIS(地理信息系统)路径分析建模方法,本文提出的基于遗传算法的送医模型,参考建模因子更多,算法开放扩充性更好,能快速计算出综合的最(较)优送医路径。 (3)提出了基于RFID设备改进的LANDMARC算法进行室内位置求解,改进算法在保证LAN DMARC算法精度的同时节省了大量参考标签的部署,较快速、准确获取火场中老人的室内位置,借助智能设备获知火灾现场情况,根据建筑物内人员位置、起火点和毒烟蔓延位置、安全出口位置以及走廊和楼梯形成的网络,以起火点和毒烟蔓延位置为断点,通过求取最大动态连通图和最短路径动态求解逃生或救援通路,提出了基于RFID设备的突发火灾现场应急救援动态指挥模型和解决方案,该模型和方案相对传统的蚁群疏散模型和方案、社会力模型和方案等而言,能有效的解决因不清楚火场内的燃烧情况和烟气蔓延情况和无法查清待救援老人的大致位置等情况带来的疏散和救援困难,能实时了解火灾现场情况,并能指挥调度增加火场人员逃生几率。
[Abstract]:According to the data of the sixth national census in 2011 , the national statistical office shows that the aging process of our country is accelerating . Current family planning policy , economic environment and competition situation result in children having no time or ability to take care of the elderly , and the old - age pension service model is expected to solve the above - mentioned problems . With the development of society , the children ' s most concern is no longer the clothing and food of the elderly , but the emergency rescue at the time of the old people ' s physical condition , disease or disaster burst , which has become the key issue to solve the old - age pension . The national " 12th Five - Year Plan " plan calls for the development of urban information construction , smart city construction , application of IT technology , GIS technology , Internet , Internet of things and technology to improve urban management and public service level . In view of the increasing demand of community - dwelling elderly , this paper focuses on the problems of monitoring and emergency - assisted decision - making in home and elderly patients with disease surveillance and emergency response by using GIS technology , RFID indoor positioning technology and semantic inference technology , and obtains the following research results . ( 1 ) The body library of physiological indexes of the old people and the rules of inference rules of diseases are established , and the necessary standard tables and standard tables for the old people to diagnose the disease are also established , which can complete the diagnosis and prompt early warning of the aging disease of the elderly . ( 2 ) Considering the time and complexity of road condition , based on GIS , this paper proposes a genetic algorithm - based model of medical delivery based on genetic algorithm , which is based on GIS . The results show that compared with traditional GIS ( geographic information system ) path analysis and modeling method , this paper presents a new model of medical delivery based on genetic algorithm . ( 3 ) An improved LANDMARC algorithm based on RFID device is proposed to solve the problem of fire disaster scene .

【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R129;P208

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