硒对贫铀气管灌注大鼠致损伤的防护作用

发布时间：2018-01-15 17:31

本文关键词：硒对贫铀气管灌注大鼠致损伤的防护作用　出处：《安徽医科大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贫铀（Depleted Uranium）的主要成分是U3O8，具备天然铀所具有的化学性质。贫铀除了具有重金属的损伤作用外，还具有放射损伤作用，其有军事方面的用途，用来制造贫铀武器，贫铀弹爆炸后会产生大量的气溶胶，这些气溶胶通过呼吸道进入人体，对人体造成极大的损伤。目前，在贫铀损伤方面的研究很多，但在贫铀损伤定量防护方面的研究比较匮乏。本研究通过不同剂量的硒灌胃大鼠，然后建立贫铀气管灌注的损伤模型，观察不同时间点大鼠体重、肺铀含量、外周血细胞参数、脏器系数、T淋巴细胞及其亚群参数、免疫球蛋白、内分泌指标、血液生化指标、氧化指标及病理指标的变化情况，评价硒对贫铀气管灌注大鼠损伤的防护作用，为人类贫铀危害的防护措施提供系统的参考依据。采用wistar大鼠，随机分为正常对照组、DU染毒组、DU+低硒组、DU+中硒组、DU+高硒组，每组45只，并留10只作为染毒后0天活杀。按硒含量分别为50μg/kg体重、200μg/kg体重、500μg/kg体重灌胃给予硒溶液，每天一次直至活杀，3天后，通过单剂量无手术的气管插管方法灌注贫铀悬液，按铀含量500μg/只，分别在气管灌注后第0天、7天、14天、28天活杀大鼠，测定体重、肺中贫铀含量，，脏器指数、淋巴细胞及其亚群、免疫球蛋白、内分泌指标、血液生化指标、氧化指标，观察并分析病理变化。 DU染毒后7天时，DU染毒组大鼠体重下降，肺铀含量下降，白细胞数升高，红细胞数显著降低，血红蛋白及血小板含量升高，脏器系数改变，成熟T淋巴细胞总数显著下降，免疫球胆白IGg显著降低，甲状腺轴指标TSH、T3、FT3、T4、FT4均降低，肾上腺轴指标ACTH、ALD、COR均升高，肝功能指标AST、ALT和ALB升高，肾功能指标UA升高，心肌酶谱CK、AST明显升高，血脂TG明显降、HDL明显升高，氧化指标MDA明显升高，GSH-px明显降低，肺泡间隔内成纤维细胞增生间隔增宽、支气管旁淋巴细胞浸润、肺泡腔或细支气管腔内纤维蛋白渗出、肺泡间隔断裂、红细胞渗出，胶原沉积水平，8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表达显著升高；而硒防护组病变程度明显减轻，胶原沉积及8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表达明显减少。 DU染毒后14天时，DU染毒组大鼠红细胞数、肺脏系数、CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、T3、T4、FT4、AST、ALT、TP、Cre、HDL、GSH-px及病变程度、胶原沉积水平，8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表达与正常对照组相比差异明显。而中剂量硒防护组与DU对照组相比改善作用明显。 DU染毒后28天时，DU染毒组大鼠白细胞总数、肝脏系数、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、FT4、Cre、MDA、GSH-px、胶原沉积，8-hydroxygwunosine、Caspase3的表达与正常对照组相比差异明显。而中剂量硒防护组与DU对照组相比改善作用明显。结论，DU气管灌注对大鼠具有系统性、功能性及器质性损伤，对肺的损伤最为严重。DU可以引起大鼠体重下降、外周血参数失常、免疫功能受到抑制、内分泌失调、肝功能失常、肾功能失常、氧化损伤严重，肺脏出现严重的病理损伤，硒防组DU对照组相比改善作用明显，因此硒对贫铀气管灌注大鼠所致损伤具有防护作用。
[Abstract]:Depleted uranium (Depleted Uranium) is the main component of U3O8, have chemical properties with the natural uranium. Uranium in addition to damage with heavy metals, but also has the effect of radiation damage, the use of the military, used in the manufacture of depleted uranium weapons, depleted uranium bombs will generate a lot of aerosol, the aerosol through the respiratory tract into the body, causing great damage to the human body. At present, many studies on depleted uranium damage, but in the quantitative study of depleted uranium injury protection aspects are scarce.
Through the study of different doses of selenium in rats, and then establish the damage model of depleted uranium tracheal perfusion, to observe the weight of rats at different time points, the uranium content of lung, peripheral blood cell parameters, organ coefficient, and the parameters of T lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin, endocrine index, blood biochemical index, changes of oxidation the index and pathological indicators, evaluation of protective effect of selenium on injury of trachea in rats depleted uranium, provide systematic reference for human harm of depleted uranium protective measures.
The Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, DU group, DU+ low selenium group, Se group in DU+, DU+ high selenium group, 45 rats in each group, and leave only 0 days after exposure as 10 killed. According to the selenium content of 50 g/kg body weight, 200 g/kg body weight, 500 g/kg Ig given selenium solution, once a day until killed, 3 days later, by a single dose of no operative method of endotracheal intubation perfusion suspension by depleted uranium, uranium content of 500 g/, respectively in the trachea after zeroth days, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days, the rats were sacrificed and the determination of weight uranium content in the lung, organ index, lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin, endocrine index, blood biochemical index, oxidation index, observation and analysis of pathological changes.
7 days after DU exposure, DU rats weight loss, decreased lung uranium content, elevated white blood cells, red blood cell number decreased significantly, increased hemoglobin and platelet content, organ coefficient change, mature T lymphocyte count was significantly decreased, IGg significantly decreased the immune white bladder, thyroid axis index TSH, T3, FT3. T4, FT4 were decreased and the adrenal axis index ACTH, ALD, COR were increased, liver function indexes of AST, ALT and ALB increased, UA increased CK index of renal function, myocardial enzymes, serum AST increased significantly, TG decreased, HDL increased significantly, the oxidation index of MDA was significantly increased, GSH-px decreased significantly, the alveolar septa the fibroblast proliferation septum, peribronchial lymphocytic infiltration, alveolar cavity or fine bronchial fibrin exudation, alveolar septum fracture, extravasation of red blood cells and collagen deposition, 8-hydroxygwunosine, Caspase3 expression was significantly increased; and selenium protection group The degree of collagen deposition and the expression of 8-hydroxygwunosine and Caspase3 decreased significantly.
14 days after DU exposure, DU treated rats the number of red blood cell, lung coefficient, CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, T3, T4, FT4, AST, ALT, TP, Cre, HDL, GSH-px and the severity of the disease, the level of collagen deposition, 8-hydroxygwunosine, the expression of Caspase3 compared with the normal control group was significantly different. While the dose selenium protection group compared with DU group obviously improved.
28 days after DU exposure, the total number of white blood cells, DU rats liver coefficient, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, FT4, Cre, MDA, GSH-px, 8-hydroxygwunosine, collagen deposition and expression of Caspase3 compared with the normal control group significantly. While the dose of selenium protective group and DU control group compared with the obvious improvement.
Conclusion DU trachea with system of rats, organic and functional injury of lung injury is the most serious.DU can cause weight loss in rats, peripheral blood parameters of arrhythmia, the inhibition of immune function, endocrine disorders, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, severe oxidative damage, lung pathological serious injury, anti selenium group DU improved obviously, so the selenium depleted uranium caused by trachea injury in rats has a protective effect.

【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R114

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