湖北钉螺种群结构动态变化的现场观察

发布时间：2018-02-02 05:30

  本文关键词： 湖北钉螺 种群结构 动态变化 血吸虫病　出处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解湖北钉螺种群结构1年周期内动态变化,为钉螺控制提供科学依据。方法选择河滩、沟渠有螺环境各1处,于每月中旬采用系统抽样法进行连续1年的钉螺调查,调查指标包括钉螺的死活、性别、螺旋数、钉螺体长与体宽、生殖腺发育状况(颜色深浅、生殖腺与肝脏长度的比值),以及土壤螺卵含量。同时,测量土壤温度和湿度,以及收集环境所在地的气温和日降雨量等气象数据。结果钉螺存活率、活螺密度与土壤温度、气温呈正相关。钉螺存活率略呈双峰型,峰值在5~6、9月份;活螺密度河滩环境呈双峰型,峰值在7、9月,而沟渠以4~5月最高。钉螺体长(L)与体宽度(W)回归方程,L_(河滩)=2.355+1.678W(F=2 989.43,P0.01),而L_(沟渠)=0.478+2.091W(F=2 989.43,P0.01)。河滩环境钉螺体长在4.07~11.81 mm之间,平均值为(8.98±0.92)mm;沟渠钉螺体长在3.63~9.92 mm之间,平均值为(7.03±0.82)mm。钉螺河滩和沟渠环境钉螺的螺旋数分别以5~8个和4~7个为主,其中河滩环境螺旋数≤5、沟渠环境螺旋数≤4的钉螺构成比分别以5、9月份最高,均为20%左右。河滩、沟渠钉螺雌雄比分别为1.66∶1和1.22∶1。雌雄钉螺的生殖腺发育基本呈同步变化,丰盈期为4~5月和9~10月。土壤螺卵含量月间差异均显著,河滩以6月份最高(100.8个/0.1 m~2),沟渠以5月份最高(82.5个/0.1 m~2)。结论 4-5月和9-10月是钉螺繁殖、世代交替的主要时节,应作为血吸虫病易感地带的钉螺药物灭杀时间节点。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the dynamic changes of snail population structure in Hubei province during one year period, and to provide scientific basis for snail control. In the middle of every month, a systematic sampling method was used to investigate the snails for one year. The survey indexes included the dead and alive, sex, helix number, length and body width of snails, and the development of gonad (color depth and light color) of Oncomelania hupensis. The ratio of gonad to liver length, and the content of snail eggs in soil. At the same time, the temperature and humidity of soil were measured, and meteorological data such as temperature and daily rainfall were collected. The survival rate of Oncomelania hupensis was obtained. The density of snails was positively correlated with soil temperature and temperature. The survival rate of Oncomelania hupensis showed a bimodal pattern with a peak value in September. The living snail density beach environment showed a bimodal pattern, the peak value was 7, September, and the canals were the highest from 4 to May. The regression equations of snail body length (L) and body width (W) were obtained. LSP (2.355 1.678WN / F ~ 2 989.43 / P 0.01 / L / L). The length of Oncomelania hupensis was between 4.07 and 11.81 mm, with an average of 8.98 卤0.92mm. The length of snails in canals ranged from 3.63 to 9.92 mm, with an average of 7.03 卤0.82mmm. the helical numbers of snails in river banks and channel environments were 5 ~ 8 and 4 ~ 7 respectively. Among them, the snail composition ratios of the helical number 鈮，

本文编号：1483738