居民对热浪健康防护相关措施的支付意愿调查研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 21:24

本文关键词： 热浪防护措施支付意愿　出处：《环境与健康杂志》2015年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解公众对热浪健康防护相关措施的实际需求,分析居民对不同类型防护措施的偏好程度及相关原因,为我国开展热浪健康防护相关措施的工作提供必要的科学依据。方法于2013年在北京市城区A和郊区B开展基于条件价值法的居民对热浪健康防护措施的支付意愿问卷调查,采用多阶段分层抽样、入户调查形式,调查措施提供方为政府或市场时,居民对预警、市政、宣传、应急四项措施的支付意愿。结果共调查1 227人,其中城区A 636人,郊区B 591人;当防护措施的提供方为政府时,城区A和郊区B居民的支付率分别为31.6%和51.6%;当防护措施的提供方为市场时,城区A和郊区B居民的支付率分别为32.0%和47.4%。无论是政府还是市场提供热浪健康防护相关措施,两区居民的支付金额集中于40元/(人·年)。综合支付率与支付金额结果,两区居民对政府提供措施的支付意愿大于市场;居民对应急措施的支付意愿较高,对宣传措施的支付意愿较低。当措施的提供方为政府时,居民不愿意支付费用的原因选择最多的是"政府的责任,费用应该由政府承担";当措施的提供方为市场时,居民不愿意支付费用的原因选择最多的为"市场应该免费为公众提供此项措施";原因选择率位居第二的均为"收入问题"。结论社会亟需向公众提供热浪健康影响的防护相关措施。虽然优先考虑由政府提供相关措施,但也可吸纳市场上的机构来提供相似的服务。社会在向公众提供热浪健康防护相关措施时,应优先考虑提供加强市政工程和建设城市热浪应急场所等措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the actual demand of the public for measures related to the health protection of heat waves, and to analyze the degree of preference of residents to different types of measures and the related reasons. Methods A questionnaire survey on residents' willingness to pay for heatwave health protection measures based on conditional value method was conducted in 2013 in urban area A and suburb B of Beijing. Using multi-stage stratified sampling, household survey, when the provider of survey measure is government or market, the residents' willingness to pay for early warning, municipal, propaganda and emergency measures. Results A total of 1,227 people were surveyed, including A636 in urban area. There were 591 people in suburb B; when the provider of protective measures was the government, the payment rates of residents of urban area A and suburban B were 31.6% and 51.6, respectively; when the provider of protective measures was the market, The payment rates of residents in urban area A and suburban B are 32.0% and 47.4 respectively. Whether the government or the market provides measures related to the protection of heatwave health, the payment amount of residents in the two districts is concentrated at 40 yuan (people per year). The residents of the two districts have greater willingness to pay for the measures provided by the government than the market; residents have a higher willingness to pay for emergency measures and lower willingness to pay for the publicity measures. When the provider of the measures is the government, The reason why residents are unwilling to pay is "the government's responsibility, and the cost should be borne by the government"; when the provider of the measure is the market, The reason why residents are unwilling to pay is that "the market should provide this measure free of charge to the public", and the second reason is "income problem". Conclusion it is urgent for society to provide the public with the health effects of heat wave. Although priority is given to the provision of relevant measures by the government, But it can also attract institutions in the market to provide similar services. In providing the public with measures related to the health protection of heat waves, priority should be given to providing measures such as strengthening municipal works and building urban heat wave emergency sites.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所环境健康风险评估室;南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室;北京市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21277135,40905069) 北京市自然科学基金(8132048)
【分类号】：R122.26

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