上海某区学校超滤直饮水水质评价及影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-18 08:27

本文选题：超滤　切入点：直饮水　出处：《环境与职业医学》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的]了解学校超滤直饮水的质量,发现相关危险因素并进行控制,保障学生饮用水安全。[方法]在某区22所中小学(小学12所,中学10所)中随机选取25台超滤直饮水机,在2014年2月及10月分别采集直饮水水样,应用水质综合指数法评价水质状况,通过比较直饮水与相应原水的水质综合指数值评估水质改善情况,以耗氧量去除率[(原水耗氧量-直饮水耗氧量)/原水耗氧量×100%]表示净水能力,并采用二分类logistic回归模型分析水质改善的影响因素。[结果]25台超滤直饮水机均以市政管网水为原水。50份超滤直饮水水样合格率为80%,不合格项目主要为菌落总数和锌。直饮水水质综合指数(0.374±0.100)与管网水(0.392±0.027)比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.26,P=0.22),直饮水有机污染指标水质指数(0.084±0.039)低于管网水(0.122±0.024),差异有统计学意义(t=5.78,P=0.00)。直饮水水质改善率为74%,主要来自有机污染指标的改善。使用频率低(日用水量50 L)及设备净水能力不合格(耗氧量去除率25%)会增加直饮水水质恶化的危险。[结论]本研究调查的学校超滤直饮水机能改善水中的有机污染状况,但直饮水仍存在一定卫生问题,易受到多种因素的影响。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the quality of ultrafiltration drinking water, find out the risk factors and control the safety of drinking water for students. [methods] 25 UF drinking water dispensers were randomly selected from 22 primary and secondary schools (12 primary schools and 10 middle schools) in a certain district. The direct drinking water samples were collected in February 2014 and October respectively. The water quality was evaluated by the method of comprehensive index of water quality, and the improvement of water quality was evaluated by comparing the comprehensive index of water quality of direct drinking water with that of the corresponding raw water. The water purification capacity is expressed by the removal rate of oxygen consumption [(raw water oxygen demand-direct drinking water oxygen demand) / raw water oxygen demand 脳 100%]. Two classification logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of water quality improvement. [results] all 25 UF drinking water dispensers took municipal pipe network water as raw water. The qualified rate of 50 UF drinking water samples was 80. The comprehensive index of water quality of direct drinking water is 0.374 卤0.100), compared with that of pipe network water 0.392 卤0.027). The difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). The water quality index of organic pollution index of direct drinking water was 0.084 卤0.039), which was lower than that of pipework water (0.122 卤0.024). The difference was statistically significant. The improvement rate of direct drinking water quality was 74%, mainly from the improvement of organic pollution index. The use frequency was low (daily use). Water quantity 50 L) and equipment water purification capacity (oxygen consumption removal rate 25%) will increase the risk of deterioration of direct drinking water quality. [conclusion] the school ultrafiltration drinking water dispenser investigated in this study can improve the organic pollution of water. But there are still some sanitary problems in drinking water, which are easy to be affected by many factors.
【作者单位】：松江区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科;
【基金】：上海市卫生局青年科研项目(编号:20124Y168)
【分类号】：R123.1

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