黑龙江省中小学膳食营养状况调查

发布时间：2018-03-20 21:13

本文选题：膳食调查　切入点：营养状况　出处：《中国公共卫生》2015年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解黑龙江省中小学生营养状况,以便有针对性地采取措施提升青少年的身体素质。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,在黑龙江省哈尔滨、齐齐哈尔、牡丹江、大庆和鸡西5个地区选取5 949名城市和农村中小学生进行3日膳食调查。结果中小学生膳食结构不合理,禽畜肉类摄入过多,蔬菜、水果、鱼虾、奶类及奶制品类摄入不足;营养素摄入不均衡,城市中小学生膳食维生素C、钙、维生素A、维生素B2、维生素B1和锌摄入不足,分别占推荐摄入量的30.7%~33.1%、40.4%~42.1%、44.6%~53.1%、60.1%~62.5%、56.2%~65.4%和66.0%~73.1%,农村中小学生膳食维生素C、钙、维生素A、维生素B2、锌和维生素B1摄入不足,分别占推荐摄入量的28.3%~33.0%、32.7%~35.3%、37.0%~41.0%、47.6%~62.2%、54.6%~64.9%和59.4%~66.0%;三餐产能营养素供能比不合理,蛋白质供能比偏高,脂类供能比偏低。结论黑龙江省中小学生膳食结构不合理,营养素摄入不均衡,应按照膳食指南要求调整膳食结构,达到营养均衡。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Heilongjiang Province, to take targeted measures to enhance young people's physical quality. Methods using stratified random sampling method, in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Qigihar, Mudanjiang, 5949 city and rural primary and middle school students from Daqing and Jixi 5 areas 3 days dietary survey. The results of primary and middle school students in the diet is reasonable, excessive intake of poultry meat, vegetables, fruit, fish, milk and dairy products intake; nutrient intake is not balanced, dietary vitamin C City elementary and middle school students, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin B1 and zinc intake, respectively, the recommended intake of 30.7%~33.1%, 40.4%~42.1%, 44.6%~53.1%, 60.1%~62.5%, and 56.2%~65.4% dietary vitamin 66.0%~73.1%, primary and middle school students in rural C, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B2, zinc and vitamin B1 intake, which accounted for 28.3% of the recommended intake ~33.0%, 32.7%~35.3%, 37.0%~41.0%, 47.6%~62.2%, 54.6%~64.9% and 59.4%~66.0%; the capacity of nutrients for meals than not reasonable, protein energy ratio, lipid energy ratio is low. Conclusion the primary and middle school students in Heilongjiang diet is not reasonable, nutrient intake is not balanced, should be in accordance with the dietary guidelines requirements to adjust dietary structure, achieve balanced nutrition.

【作者单位】：哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学教研究;黑龙江省农业科学院食品加工研究所;黑龙江省食物与营养咨询委员会;黑龙江省教育厅;
【基金】：黑龙江省普通高等学校营养与食品卫生学重点实验室开放课题(YYKFKT1207)
【分类号】：R151.45

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