非稳态噪声累积暴露量与听力损失的关系

发布时间：2018-03-29 14:05

本文选题：个体噪声暴露　切入点：累积噪声暴露量　出处：《环境与职业医学》2015年01期

【摘要】：[目的]分析基于个体噪声8 h等效连续A声级(LAeq.8h)(暴露水平)的累积噪声暴露量(cumulation noise exposure,CNELAeq.8h)与非稳态噪声所致听力损失的关系,探讨CNELAeq.8h能否有效评估非稳态噪声接触水平。[方法]选择轧钢厂和钢结构厂98名接触非稳态噪声工人为研究对象。采用个人声暴露计测量工人LAeq.8h,并与接触噪声工龄合并计算CNELAeq.8h,同时对工人进行问卷调查和听力测试。[结果]经噪声分层分析和趋势卡方检验,高频听力损失检出率随CNELAeq.8h的增加而升高;经logistic回归分析,CNELAeq.8h是工人高频听力损失和语频听力损失的危险因素,OR值分别为1.261和1.109(P0.01)。CNELAeq.8h、LAeq.8h、工龄、高频、语频听力程度之间均呈明显相关(P0.01);经多因素回归分析,CNELAeq.8h进入高频听力损失的多因素回归模型(P0.01)。[结论]CNELAeq.8h与工人高频听力损失呈良好剂量-效应关系,能有效评估非稳态噪声接触水平。
[Abstract]:[objective] to analyze the relationship between cumulative noise exposure noise exposure and hearing loss induced by unsteady noise based on individual noise 8 h equivalent continuous A-level noise level (exposure level). To explore whether CNELAeq.8h can effectively evaluate the exposure level of unsteady noise. [methods] 98 workers exposed to unsteady noise in steel rolling mill and steel structure factory were selected as the research objects. LAeq.8hs of workers were measured by personal acoustic exposure meter and exposed to noise for years. CNELAeq.8h. at the same time, the workers were investigated with questionnaires and hearing tests. [results] noise stratification analysis and trend chi-square test were performed. The detection rate of high frequency hearing loss increased with the increase of CNELAeq.8h, the OR of the risk factors of high frequency hearing loss and speech frequency hearing loss of workers were 1.261 and 1.109 P0.01.CNELAeq.8hLAeq.8h by logistic regression analysis, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the speech frequency hearing degree and the degree of hearing loss, and the multivariate regression analysis showed that there was a good dose-effect relationship between the CNELAeq.8h and the high frequency hearing loss of the workers after entering the multivariate regression model of CNELAeq.8h. [conclusion] there is a good dose-effect relationship between the CNELAeq.8h and the high frequency hearing loss of the workers. The unsteady noise contact level can be evaluated effectively.
【作者单位】：浙江省疾病预防控制中心;北京市劳动保护科学研究所;
【基金】：美国国立职业卫生与安全研究所(编号:5R01OH008967-03) 北京市科学技术研究院市级财政项目(编号:PXM2014-178304-000002-00130228)
【分类号】：R131

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