某市围产儿出生缺陷分布现状及其相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 13:37

本文选题：出生缺陷　切入点：围产儿　出处：《大连医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:通过对2007-2016年某市围产儿出生缺陷监测资料的回顾性分析,了解出生缺陷发生现状,分析某市围产儿出生缺陷的分布特征以及面临的问题和挑战,为各相关部门、医疗机构对于出生缺陷综合防治体系的建设和逐步健全提供第一手的人口统计学资料。方法:采用某市妇幼保健院对全市出生缺陷的监测数据,获得2007-2016年该市二级以上助产单位围产儿共525967例,出生缺陷儿共4705例。采用EXCEL 2007建立数据库,利用SPSS描述性统计分析方法,分析比较2007-2016年该市围产儿出生缺陷的监测数据,并且描述围产儿出生缺陷率总体变化的趋势、城乡分布、性别分布、母龄别分布、种类及顺位、产前诊断等情况。采用SPSS17.0软件进行数据分析,利用卡方检验进行组间出生缺陷率比较,P0.05认为有统计学意义。结果:2007-2016年共监测某市围产儿525967例,出生缺陷儿共4705例,围产儿出生缺陷率为89.45/万。城市围产儿出生缺陷率为98.70/万,农村(庄河、瓦房店、普兰店等)为72.84/万,城市高于农村,差异有统计学意义(χ2=92.413,P=0.000)。男性围产儿出生缺陷率为99.83/万,女性为78.02/万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=69.160,P=0.000)。孕母年龄在大于35岁的产妇出生缺陷率最高。2007-2016年围产儿出生缺陷发生顺位前5位基本为先心病、多指趾、并指趾、外耳其他畸形、尿道下裂。通过产前诊断技术,孕28周前诊断并终止妊娠的出生缺陷率不断增高。结论:1.2007-2016年,围产儿出生缺陷率整体呈上升趋势。2.2007-2016年,城市围产儿出生缺陷率基本上是高于农村。3.2007-2016年,男性围产儿出生缺陷率基本上是高于女性。4.孕母年龄在大于35岁的产妇出生缺陷率高于其他年龄组。5.首位出生缺陷为先天性心脏病,脑积水、总唇裂出生缺陷率逐年下降。6.通过产前诊断技术,使出生缺陷率显著下降。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze retrospectively the data of perinatal birth defects monitoring in a certain city from 2007 to 2016, to understand the present situation of birth defects, and to analyze the distribution characteristics, problems and challenges of perinatal defects in a certain city.Medical institutions provide first-hand demographic data for the construction and gradual improvement of a comprehensive system for the prevention and treatment of birth defects.Methods: 525967 cases of perinatal and 4705 cases of birth defects were obtained from 2007 to 2016 by using the monitoring data of birth defects in a city maternal and child health care hospital.The database was established by EXCEL 2007, and the monitoring data of perinatal birth defects in the city from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed and compared by using SPSS descriptive statistical analysis method, and the trend of the overall change of perinatal birth defects rate, the distribution of urban and rural areas, and the distribution of sex were described.Maternal age distribution, species and sequence, prenatal diagnosis and so on.SPSS17.0 software was used for data analysis, chi-square test was used to compare the birth defect rate between groups (P0.05).Results 525967 cases of perinatal and 4705 cases of birth defects were monitored in a certain city from 2007 to 2016. The birth defect rate of perinatal infants was 89.45 / 10 000.The birth defect rate of perinatal infants was 98.70 / 10 000 in urban areas and 72.84 / 10 000 in rural areas (Zhuanghe, Wafangdian, Prandandian, etc.), which was higher in urban than in rural areas (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (92.413) P ~ (0.000)).The birth defect rate of male perinatal infants was 99.83 / 10 000, and that of female was 78.02 / 10 000. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 / 69.160).The birth defect rate of pregnant women over 35 years old was the highest. The first 5 cases of perinatal birth defects in 2007-2016 were congenital heart disease, polyphalangeal toe, finger toe, other deformity of external ear and hypospadias.By prenatal diagnosis, the birth defect rate of diagnosis and termination of pregnancy before 28 weeks of pregnancy is increasing.Conclusion: 1. From 2007 to 2016, the birth defect rate of perinatal infants in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas, and the rate of birth defects in males was higher than that in females.The birth defect rate of pregnant women over 35 years old was higher than that of other age groups.The first birth defect was congenital heart disease, hydrocephalus, total cleft lip birth defect rate decreased year by year.By means of prenatal diagnosis, the rate of birth defects decreased significantly.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R174

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