我国农村部分贫困地区5岁以下儿童营养状况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-04-10 20:30

本文选题：贫困地区 + 5岁以下儿童　；参考：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解我国农村贫困地区5岁以下儿童营养现状及其影响因素,为进一步开展贫困地区儿童营养干预提供科学依据。方法：本调查采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在我国13个省(自治区、直辖市)30个国家级贫困县(市)随机抽取7880名5岁以下儿童。采用问卷调查和体格测量的方法,对儿童及其看护人进行调查。调查内容包括问卷调查、身高和体重测量。采用卡方检验对儿童营养不良影响因素进行单因素分析,采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型对儿童营养不良影响因素进行多因素分析。结果：我国部分贫困地区5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率分别为16.0%、7.8%、3.7%；肥胖率、超重率分别为1.2%、2.7%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示：性别、年龄、民族、出生体重、出生身长、年人均收入及父母文化程度等因素与5岁以下儿童生长迟缓有关；年龄、民族、出生体重、出生身长、年人均收入父亲职业、父母文化程度、儿童近两周呼吸道感染等因素与低体重有关；年龄、出生体重、母亲文化程度、母亲职业、开始添加辅食年龄、儿童近两周呼吸道感染等因素与消瘦有关；性别、年龄、出生体重、母亲文化程度、开始添加辅食年龄、主要看护人等因素与肥胖有关。结论：我国农村部分贫困地区5岁以下儿童的营养状况不容乐观,尤其是生长迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率较高,应采取必要措施进行干预。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the nutritional status of children under 5 years old and its influencing factors in rural poor areas in China, and to provide scientific basis for further development of children nutrition intervention in poor areas.Methods: 7880 children under 5 years of age were randomly selected from 30 state-level poor counties (cities) in 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) by multi-stage cluster random sampling.Children and their caregivers were investigated by questionnaire and physical measurement.The survey included questionnaires, measurements of height and weight.Single factor analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of child malnutrition by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of child malnutrition.Results: the growth retardation rate, low body weight rate and wasting rate of children under 5 years of age in some poor areas of China were 16.0% and 7.8%, respectively, and the obesity rate and overweight rate were 1.2% and 2.7%, respectively.Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, nationality, birth weight, birth length, annual per capita income and parents' educational level were associated with stunting of children under 5 years of age, age, nationality, birth weight, and so on.Birth length, annual per capita income, father's occupation, parents' education, children's respiratory tract infection in the last two weeks were associated with low body weight, age, birth weight, mother's education level, mother's occupation, and supplementary feeding age.In recent two weeks, respiratory tract infection was associated with weight loss, gender, age, birth weight, mother's education level, supplementary feeding age, and main caregivers were related to obesity.Conclusion: the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in some rural poor areas is not optimistic, especially the rate of growth retardation, low body weight, and high rate of wasting, so we should take necessary measures to intervene.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R179

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