凉山州2009-2015年孕产妇HIV哨点监测分析

发布时间：2018-05-07 10:25

本文选题：艾滋病病毒 + 孕产妇　；参考：《中国艾滋病性病》2017年11期

【摘要】：目的了解凉山彝族自治州孕产妇艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染和流行情况,为制定当地艾滋病的防治策略提供科学依据。方法选取2009-2015年每年4-6月在凉山州西昌市、彝族聚居地的昭觉县和布拖县妇幼保健院,准备分娩和接受孕产期保健的孕产妇进行连续采样监测,问卷调查了解一般人口学、生育情况和行为特征等情况,并采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测HIV抗体。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对数据进行整理和分析。结果 2009-2015年,孕产妇人群哨点共监测有效研究对象6 780人,检出HIV抗体阳性者288例,阳性率4.25%。2009-2015年各年HIV的阳性检出率分别为1.35%(9/665)、2.95%(18/611)、3.57%(36/1 008)、6.86%(82/1 196)、4.57%(48/1 050)、3.71%(39/1 050)和4.67%(56/1 200),呈现缓慢上升趋势(χ2=7.71,P=0.005)。分析发现昭觉和布拖地区的孕产妇HIV感染风险高于西昌地区[比值比(OR)=2.95,95%可信区间(CI)=1.39~6.24]。孕产妇是彝族(OR=6.08,95%CI=1.76~20.96)、生育次数1次(OR=1.55,95%CI=1.06~2.25)和2次(OR=1.74,95%CI=1.20~2.52)、丈夫有外出打工史(OR=1.40,95%CI=1.04~1.87)、丈夫有吸毒史(OR=1.86,95%CI=1.04~3.33)、丈夫患有性病(OR=2.26,95%CI=1.30~3.93),是感染HIV的危险因素。文化程度较高的研究对象感染HIV风险较低(OR=0.34,95%CI=0.13~0.85)。结论凉山彝族自治州孕产妇HIV抗体阳性率较高,HIV在该人群中有升高趋势。特别是对文化程度低,丈夫有吸毒史、外出打工史和患有性病的彝族孕产妇,感染HIV的风险更高。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the HIV / AIDS infection and prevalence in pregnant women in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Maternal and child health centers of Zhaojue County and Butuo County in Xichang City, Liangshan prefecture from April to June of 2009-2015 were selected to carry out continuous sampling and monitoring for pregnant women who were prepared to give birth and receive health care during pregnancy and childbirth. The general demography was investigated by questionnaire survey. HIV antibody was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used to collate and analyze the data. Results from 2009 to 2015, a total of 6 780 effective subjects for sentinel surveillance of pregnant and parturient women were studied. 288 cases of positive HIV antibody were detected. The positive rate of HIV in each year from 2009 to 2015 was 1.35 / 9 / 6655.95 / 18 / 6 / 611 / 3.570.36 / 1 / 1 0088.86 / 882 / 822 / 1 1964.5750 / 48.1 / 050 and 4.6775 / 56P / P / 2000, respectively, showing a slow rising trend (27.71P / P 0.005%). It was found that the risk of HIV infection in pregnant women in Zhaojue and Butuo areas was higher than that in Xichang area. The pregnant and lying-in women were: the Yi nationality had 6.08895 CII 1.76895 CII 1.766.96, and the number of births was 1.062.25) and two times OR1.7495CI1.205.95CI1.202.52. The husband had a history of working outside the home, OR1.4095CI1.041.87. the husband had a history of drug abuse, and the husband had a history of drug abuse. The husband had an order 2.2695CI1. 2695CI1. 303.93, which was a risk factor for HIV infection. The subjects with higher education level had a lower risk of HIV infection. Conclusion the positive rate of HIV in pregnant women in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is higher. Especially for women of Yi nationality with low education, history of drug abuse, migrant work and venereal diseases, the risk of HIV infection was higher.
【作者单位】：凉山州疾病预防控制中心;四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康与社会行为学系;西南医科大公共卫生学院卫生统计教研室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81703279) 凉山州艾滋病防治项目(H170614,H161236) 四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(16PJ259)~~
【分类号】：R181.8;R512.91

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