超重及肥胖人群的饮食运动和行为教育综合干预研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 16:14

本文选题：超重 + 肥胖　；参考：《山西医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:通过饮食,运动和行为教育的体重综合干预,纠正成年超重及肥胖患者的不良饮食习惯和生活习惯,减轻患者体重,降低其血糖、血脂、血压、血尿酸等水平,预防或改善“五高”状态,减少或延缓患者慢性代谢性疾病的发生发展。探索可推广的针对我国成年超重及肥胖患者减重的综合干预模式,为患者自发进行体重管理提供科学的依据和指导。方法:从山西和谐健康体检中心确诊为超重及肥胖的患者中筛选出自愿进行体重干预试验的研究对象41例。对研究对象进行8周的体重综合干预,包括:饮食干预、运动干预和行为教育。研究对象在干预前后检测观察指标。观察指标包括身高、体重、腰围、血压等生理指标;血糖、血脂、血尿酸、血尿素氮、血肌酐等血液生化指标。分析比较检测结果。结果:1、整个干预试验后,研究对象的体重、BMI、WC、SBP、DBP、FPG、2h PG、TG、TC、LDL-C、BUA与干预前相比明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),其余观察指标均有所改善,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2、干预第4周末,研究对象的体重、BMI、WC、SBP、FPG、2h PG、TG、BUA与干预前相比明显下降(P0.05),其余观察指标有改善趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。3、干预第8周结束时,研究对象的体重、BMI、WC、FPG、2h PG、TC、TG、BUA与干预4周末相比明显下降(P0.05),其余观察指标有所改善,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。4、经8周的干预试验后,有超重患者8人BMI24 kg/m2,转归率为53.3%;肥胖患者11人BMI28 kg/m2,转归率为42.3%;有18人血糖转归到正常水平,转归率为69.2%;有16人血甘油三酯转归到正常水平,转归率为69.6%;有11人血压转归到正常水平,转归率为61.1%;有14人血尿酸转归到正常水平,转归率为60.9%。结论:对超重及肥胖患者进行饮食、运动和行为教育综合干预,能够有效降低患者体重,改善其糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗,降低血压、血尿酸水平,预防或改善“五高”状态,延缓或避免肥胖相关并发症的发生发展。且本次的体重综合干预模式依从性较好,值得推广应用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to correct the unhealthy eating habits and living habits of overweight and obese adults by comprehensive intervention of diet, exercise and behavioral education, and to reduce the body weight, blood glucose, blood lipid, blood pressure, blood uric acid and so on. To prevent or improve the "five high" state, reduce or delay the occurrence and development of chronic metabolic diseases in patients. To explore a popularized comprehensive intervention model for weight loss of overweight and obese adults in China, and to provide scientific basis and guidance for spontaneous weight management of patients. Methods: 41 subjects who were diagnosed as overweight and obese in Shanxi harmonious Health examination Center were selected. The subjects were given 8 weeks weight comprehensive intervention, including diet intervention, exercise intervention and behavioral education. The observation indexes were detected before and after intervention. The indexes included height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid, serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, blood creatinine and other blood biochemical indexes. Analysis and comparison of test results. Results: after the whole intervention trial, the body weight of the study subjects was significantly lower than that before intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups at the end of the 4th week of intervention. The body weight of the subjects was significantly lower than that before the intervention (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P 0.05 路3). At the end of the 8th week of intervention, the body weight of the subjects was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups at the end of the 8th week of intervention. The body weight of the subjects was significantly decreased compared with that at the end of 4 weeks, and the other indexes were improved, but the difference was not statistically significant (P 0.05. 4). After 8 weeks of intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups. There were 8 overweight patients with BMI24 kg / m2, with a return rate of 53.3%; 11 obese patients with BMI28 kg / m2, with a return rate of 42.3%; 18 people with blood glucose returning to the normal level, with a return rate of 69.2%; and 16 people with triglyceride returned to normal level. The rate of return was 69.6, the blood pressure of 11 people was returned to normal level, the rate of return was 61.1, and the rate of blood uric acid returned to normal level was 60.9. Conclusion: comprehensive intervention of diet, exercise and behavior education in overweight and obese patients can effectively reduce body weight, improve glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, lower blood pressure and serum uric acid level, prevent or improve "five high" status. Delay or avoid the occurrence and development of obesity related complications. And the weight of the comprehensive intervention model compliance is good, worthy of promotion and application.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R151.41

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