尿形态砷在砷暴露员工职业健康检查中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 06:53

【摘要】：目的通过对职业砷暴露作业工人健康指标及尿总砷(TAs)、尿形态砷水平测定分析,初步揭示人体内形态砷对人体健康的影响。方法选择2家有色金属冶炼企业(铅冶炼、锡冶炼各1)砷暴露作业工人(暴露组)137人为研究对象。暴露组中铅冶炼组40人,锡冶炼组97人;无砷接触者(小学教师)42人为对照组,进行尿总砷及尿价态砷测定及健康监护,并测定作业场所砷化合物浓度。并对尿总砷、尿价态砷与健康检查结果进行分析。结果暴露组锡、铅两冶炼厂检测岗位平均砷化合物浓度均超过国家职业卫生标准,分别为0.52 mg/m3、0.20 mg/m3;暴露组的TAs、DMA(二甲基砷酸盐)含量与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01);暴露组及对照组尿中价态砷主要以DMA为主,均占形态砷含量的90%以上;车间空气中的砷化合物浓度与砷暴露工人尿总砷、DMA成正相关关系。随着总砷、DMA浓度的升高,转氨酶升高、血红细胞下降趋势;肝脏B超及心电图异常检出率亦随之升高。结论砷暴露的作业工人随着接触砷浓度增高,体内总砷、DMA随之增高,形态砷(特别是DMA)对肝脏、心脏、肾脏、红细胞等损害作用越明显。说明形态砷(特别是DMA)与砷暴露作业工人身体健康有一定的关系,因此,为进一步阐明形态砷的毒性作用,有必要在砷暴露作业工人职业健康体检中行尿形态砷检查。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the health index of workers exposed to occupational arsenic and the level of urinary form arsenic of total arsenic (TAs),) in order to reveal the effect of speciation arsenic in human body on human health. Methods 137 workers (exposure group) from 2 nonferrous metal smelters (lead smelting, tin smelting 1) exposed to arsenic (exposure group) were selected as study objects. In the exposure group, 40 people were in lead smelting group, 97 in tin smelting group and 42 in control group without arsenic exposure (primary school teachers). The urinary total arsenic and urinary valence arsenic were measured, and the concentration of arsenic compounds in the workplace was measured. The results of urine total arsenic, urinary valence arsenic and health examination were analyzed. Results the average concentration of arsenic compounds in the two smelters was higher than the national occupational health standard. The content of TAs,DMA (dimethyl arsenate) in the exposed group of 0.52 mg/m3,0.20 mg/m3; was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01), and that in the exposed group and control group was mainly DMA, which accounted for more than 90% of the content of arsenic in form. There was a positive correlation between the concentration of arsenic compounds in the air and urinary total arsenic (Tas) DMA in workers exposed to arsenic. With the increase of DMA concentration of total arsenic, the level of transaminase increased, the erythrocyte decreased, and the abnormal detection rate of liver B-ultrasound and ECG also increased. Conclusion with the increase of arsenic concentration in workers exposed to arsenic, the total arsenic maleic acid (TDMA) in the body increases, and the damage to liver, heart, kidney and red blood cells caused by morphological arsenic (especially DMA) is more obvious. It is suggested that speciation arsenic (especially DMA) has a certain relationship with the health of workers exposed to arsenic. Therefore, in order to further elucidate the toxic effect of arsenic form, it is necessary to carry out urinary morphological arsenic examination in the occupational health examination of workers exposed to arsenic.
【作者单位】：广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院;广西出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心;
【基金】：广西医疗卫生重点科研课题项目(重2011022)
【分类号】：R131

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