白菜、豆角对大鼠甲状腺的影响及初步机理探讨
发布时间：2018-09-16 20:44
【摘要】：目的通过富硫氰酸盐类(白菜)、类黄酮类(豆角)食物对大鼠甲状腺短期(30天)和长期(90天)作用的观察,结合对大鼠食物利用率、血常规、血生化、脏器系数、抗氧化能力、靶器官损伤的组织病理学等方面的影响,综合探讨此类植物化合物来源食物搭配对机体的影响作用,为合理利用该类食物提供参考。 方法模拟人实际食物类别、摄食途径及剂量,给予实验大鼠不同剂量单一或联合富硫氰酸盐类(白菜)、类黄酮类(豆角)食物,在自由饮食的情况下,进行短期(30天)和长期(90天)喂养,记录每日进食量与体重,计算食物利用率。实验期不同阶段(30天、60天、90天),腹主动脉采血,检测血常规、血生化、甲状腺功能、心肌酶学等指标；处死动物,立即剥离甲状腺、肝脏、肾脏、心脏、胸腺、脾脏等脏器,计算脏器系数；并对甲状腺固定送检生物透射电镜。制备甲状腺组织成单细胞悬液,使用流式细胞术分析DNA指数和细胞周期。 结果 一、短期喂养(30天)发现 1.在食物利用率方面,各实验因素对大鼠进食量影响不明显,HG组在实验第一周略有下降,但随实验进程延长,后期与其余各组比较差异不明显。 2.在血常规方面,CG、BG、LG组HCT高于NG组(P0.01,P0.05)；CG组MCHC低于NG组(P0.05)；NG组WBC高于其余五组,其中与LG、HG组比较P0.05；NG组GRA低于其余五组,其中与BG、HG组比较P0.05,与CG、LG组比较P0.01；NG组LYM高于其它五组,其中与MG组比较P0.05,与CG、BG、LG组比较P0.01。 3.在肝肾功能方面,肝ALT/AST各实验组与NG组相比显著减少(P0.01)；TBIL各组与NG组相比均有所减少,CG、BG、MG、HG更为明显(P0.01)；血清BUN BG、LG、MG、HG与NG组相比显著增加(P0.05、P0.01、P0.05、P0.05)。 4.在脏器系数方面,CG、BG、HG组大鼠肝脏系数与NG组比较显著降低(P0.05、P0.01、P0.05)；肾脏系数变化不明显。 5.在抗氧化能力方面,LG组血清总SOD活性低于CG和BG组(P0.05),CG、BG组血清GSH-Px活性高于其他各组(P0.05),HG组血清MDA含量高于NG组和BG组(P0.05),BG组血清MDA含量低于CG、LG、MG、HG组(P0.05)。 6.在甲状腺方面,BG、HG组大鼠甲状腺脏器系数与NG比较显著增加(P0.05,P0.01),其它组影响不明显；一般病理切片各组均未见明显甲状腺肿,但CG、BG、HG组与NG组比较可观察到细胞间结缔组织增生,HG较CG、BG增生更为明显；透射电镜下联合各剂量组与BG、CG比较,可观察到粗面内质网脱颗粒、线粒体嵴消失现象,个别细胞高尔基复合体不规则,而与NG比较,各组上述变化均较明显。同时发现FT4在BG、HG组水平均低于NG(P0.05,P0.01)。 二、长期喂养(90天)结果显示： 1.从食物利用率分析,各组在喂养11周内有一定降低,后略有上升(P0.01)。 2.白菜、豆角对大鼠血常规及血生化影响不明显。 3.从脏器系数分析,胸腺系数MG、HG组明显低于CG(P0.01)；心脏系数LG、MG组高于NG组,MG组低于BG组(P0.05)；脾脏系数MG组低于NG、CG、HG组(P0.05)；肝脏系数BG组高于CG组(P0.05)。 4.从抗氧化能力分析,总SOD MG组低于BG、LG组(P0.05),Cu-Zn SODMG组低于NG组(P0.05)。 5.在甲状腺方面,从结构分析,甲状腺系数NG、CG、LG、MG组90天高于30天(P0.01)和60天(P0.05)。细胞周期MG组G2期细胞较BG组增多(P0.05)。从甲状腺功能分析,TG、TM、TPO抗体均为阴性,排除自身免疫性甲状腺损伤。随着时间增长FT3在LG组影响明显(P0.05),且CG、BG、LG组60天高于30天(P0.05),LG组90天高于30天(P0.05)。TSH60天HG组高于CG、LG、MG(P0.05),MG组60天低于30天(P0.05)。 结论综合各项指标,发现在正常摄食剂量情况下,白菜、豆角组合的硫氰酸盐类、类黄酮类食物搭配对机体无不良影响。随着累计摄入剂量的增加,搭配对机体表现出一定的不良作用,主要表现在对甲状腺的组织结构及功能方面的损伤,其次对肝肾功能及抗氧化功能均有不同程度的影响。提示人群在日常生活中应当注意富含硫氰酸盐类、类黄酮类植物化学物来源的食物相互搭配以及摄入量,尤其对于存在甲状腺疾病和相关基础性病史的人群,应适当控制此类食物摄食量及频率。
[Abstract]:Objective To investigate the effects of thiocyanates (Chinese cabbage) and flavonoids (beans) on short-term (30-day) and long-term (90-day) thyroid function in rats, and to explore the sources of these plant compounds in combination with the effects of food availability, blood routine, blood biochemistry, organ coefficient, antioxidant capacity, and histopathology of target organ injury in rats. The influence of food collocation on the body provides reference for the rational use of this kind of food.
Methods Simulating the actual human food type, feeding route and dosage, the rats were given different doses of single or combined thiocyanate-rich food (cabbage), flavonoids (beans) in the free diet, short-term (30 days) and long-term (90 days) feeding, recording daily food intake and weight, calculating the food utilization rate. (30 days, 60 days, 90 days), abdominal aorta blood collection, blood routine, blood biochemical, thyroid function, myocardial enzymes and other indicators; execute animals, immediately stripped thyroid, liver, kidney, heart, thymus, spleen and other organs, calculate the coefficient of organs; and thyroid fixed biotransmission electron microscopy. DNA index and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Result
1. Short term feeding (30 days) found
1. In terms of food use efficiency, the experimental factors had no significant effect on the intake of rats. HG group slightly decreased in the first week of the experiment, but with the extension of the experimental process, there was no significant difference between the other groups in the later period.
2. In blood routine, HCT in CG, BG, LG group was higher than that in NG group (P 0.01, P 0.05); MCHC in CG group was lower than that in NG group (P 0.05); WBC in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with LG, HG group; GRA in NG group was lower than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with BG, HG group, P 0.05, P 0.01 compared with CG, LG group; LYM in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with MG, CG, BG, LG, LG group. Compare P0.01.
3. In terms of liver and kidney function, ALT/AST decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); CG, BG, MG, HG decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); serum BUN BG, LG, MG, HG increased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05, P 0.05).
4. The liver coefficient of CG, BG and HG group was significantly lower than that of NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05), and the kidney coefficient was not significantly changed.
5. The total SOD activity in LG group was lower than that in CG and BG group (P 0.05). The GSH-Px activity in CG and BG group was higher than that in other groups (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in HG group was higher than that in NG group and BG group (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in BG group was lower than that in CG, LG, MG and HG group (P 0.05).
6. In the aspect of thyroid, the coefficient of thyroid organs in BG, HG group was significantly higher than that in NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01), but the effect of other groups was not obvious; no obvious goiter was found in general pathological sections, but the proliferation of intercellular connective tissue was observed in CG, BG, HG group compared with NG group, and the proliferation of HG was more obvious than that of CG and BG under transmission electron microscope. Compared with BG and CG, rough endoplasmic reticulum degranulation and mitochondrial ridge disappearance were observed in the dose group, and the Golgi complex was irregular in some cells. Compared with NG, the above changes were more obvious in each group.
Two, long-term feeding (90 days) showed that:
1. from the analysis of food utilization rate, each group decreased within 11 weeks of feeding, and then increased slightly (P0.01).
2. cabbage and beans had no obvious effect on blood routine and blood biochemistry in rats.
3. From the analysis of organ coefficient, thymus coefficient MG, HG group was significantly lower than CG (P 0.01); heart coefficient LG, MG group was higher than NG group, MG group was lower than BG group (P 0.05); spleen coefficient MG group was lower than NG, CG, HG group (P 0.05); liver coefficient BG group was higher than CG group (P 0.05).
4. from the analysis of antioxidant capacity, the total SOD MG group was lower than that of BG, LG group (P0.05), Cu-Zn SODMG group was lower than NG group (P0.05).
5. In the aspect of thyroid structure, the thyroid coefficient of NG, CG, LG, MG group was higher than 30 days (P 0.01) and 60 days (P 0.05). The G2 phase cells of MG group were more than that of BG group (P 0.05). From the analysis of thyroid function, TG, TM, TPO antibodies were all negative, excluding autoimmune thyroid injury. BG, LG group 60 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05), LG group 90 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05). TSH 60 days HG group higher than CG, LG, MG (P 0.05), MG group 60 days lower than 30 days (P 0.05).
Conclusion The results showed that the combination of thiocyanates and flavonoids in Chinese cabbage, soybean and soybean had no harmful effects on the body under the normal intake dose. It suggests that people should pay attention to the food rich in thiocyanates, flavonoids and phytochemicals, and their intake, especially for people with thyroid diseases and related basic diseases. Quantity and frequency.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R151
本文编号：2244733
[Abstract]:Objective To investigate the effects of thiocyanates (Chinese cabbage) and flavonoids (beans) on short-term (30-day) and long-term (90-day) thyroid function in rats, and to explore the sources of these plant compounds in combination with the effects of food availability, blood routine, blood biochemistry, organ coefficient, antioxidant capacity, and histopathology of target organ injury in rats. The influence of food collocation on the body provides reference for the rational use of this kind of food.
Methods Simulating the actual human food type, feeding route and dosage, the rats were given different doses of single or combined thiocyanate-rich food (cabbage), flavonoids (beans) in the free diet, short-term (30 days) and long-term (90 days) feeding, recording daily food intake and weight, calculating the food utilization rate. (30 days, 60 days, 90 days), abdominal aorta blood collection, blood routine, blood biochemical, thyroid function, myocardial enzymes and other indicators; execute animals, immediately stripped thyroid, liver, kidney, heart, thymus, spleen and other organs, calculate the coefficient of organs; and thyroid fixed biotransmission electron microscopy. DNA index and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Result
1. Short term feeding (30 days) found
1. In terms of food use efficiency, the experimental factors had no significant effect on the intake of rats. HG group slightly decreased in the first week of the experiment, but with the extension of the experimental process, there was no significant difference between the other groups in the later period.
2. In blood routine, HCT in CG, BG, LG group was higher than that in NG group (P 0.01, P 0.05); MCHC in CG group was lower than that in NG group (P 0.05); WBC in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with LG, HG group; GRA in NG group was lower than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with BG, HG group, P 0.05, P 0.01 compared with CG, LG group; LYM in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with MG, CG, BG, LG, LG group. Compare P0.01.
3. In terms of liver and kidney function, ALT/AST decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); CG, BG, MG, HG decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); serum BUN BG, LG, MG, HG increased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05, P 0.05).
4. The liver coefficient of CG, BG and HG group was significantly lower than that of NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05), and the kidney coefficient was not significantly changed.
5. The total SOD activity in LG group was lower than that in CG and BG group (P 0.05). The GSH-Px activity in CG and BG group was higher than that in other groups (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in HG group was higher than that in NG group and BG group (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in BG group was lower than that in CG, LG, MG and HG group (P 0.05).
6. In the aspect of thyroid, the coefficient of thyroid organs in BG, HG group was significantly higher than that in NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01), but the effect of other groups was not obvious; no obvious goiter was found in general pathological sections, but the proliferation of intercellular connective tissue was observed in CG, BG, HG group compared with NG group, and the proliferation of HG was more obvious than that of CG and BG under transmission electron microscope. Compared with BG and CG, rough endoplasmic reticulum degranulation and mitochondrial ridge disappearance were observed in the dose group, and the Golgi complex was irregular in some cells. Compared with NG, the above changes were more obvious in each group.
Two, long-term feeding (90 days) showed that:
1. from the analysis of food utilization rate, each group decreased within 11 weeks of feeding, and then increased slightly (P0.01).
2. cabbage and beans had no obvious effect on blood routine and blood biochemistry in rats.
3. From the analysis of organ coefficient, thymus coefficient MG, HG group was significantly lower than CG (P 0.01); heart coefficient LG, MG group was higher than NG group, MG group was lower than BG group (P 0.05); spleen coefficient MG group was lower than NG, CG, HG group (P 0.05); liver coefficient BG group was higher than CG group (P 0.05).
4. from the analysis of antioxidant capacity, the total SOD MG group was lower than that of BG, LG group (P0.05), Cu-Zn SODMG group was lower than NG group (P0.05).
5. In the aspect of thyroid structure, the thyroid coefficient of NG, CG, LG, MG group was higher than 30 days (P 0.01) and 60 days (P 0.05). The G2 phase cells of MG group were more than that of BG group (P 0.05). From the analysis of thyroid function, TG, TM, TPO antibodies were all negative, excluding autoimmune thyroid injury. BG, LG group 60 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05), LG group 90 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05). TSH 60 days HG group higher than CG, LG, MG (P 0.05), MG group 60 days lower than 30 days (P 0.05).
Conclusion The results showed that the combination of thiocyanates and flavonoids in Chinese cabbage, soybean and soybean had no harmful effects on the body under the normal intake dose. It suggests that people should pay attention to the food rich in thiocyanates, flavonoids and phytochemicals, and their intake, especially for people with thyroid diseases and related basic diseases. Quantity and frequency.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R151
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