汞暴露与小学生神经行为功能相关性的研究

发布时间：2018-10-18 13:10

【摘要】：目的探讨工业污染地区小学生的汞暴露水平和神经行为功能之间的关系,分析影响汞暴露与神经行为功能的因素。方法于2012—2014年选取位于我国不同方位的6个地区(河北省肃宁县、甘肃省兰州市、辽宁省铁岭市、广西壮族自治区南宁市、河南省新乡市和宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市)作为研究地点,选取共1 013名年龄在8~12岁之间的小学生作为研究对象,收集研究对象的即时尿样和头发样品检测汞含量,采用神经行为测试评价系统(NES)和平衡测试评价研究对象的神经行为功能,并采用问卷调查的方式收集研究对象的年龄、性别、家庭情况、饮食情况等基本信息。结果研究对象的发汞和尿肌酐调整的尿汞水平呈正相关(rs=0.211,P0.01)。在汞暴露影响因素的logistic回归分析中,每周食用肉类频次较多的儿童具有较高尿汞水平的风险(OR=1.855,95%CI:1.168~2.950)和较高发汞水平的风险(OR=2.309,95%CI:1.214~4.392)。具有较高发汞水平的风险也与每周食用稻米频次呈正向关联(OR=1.755,95%CI:1.101~2.798)。在神经行为功能影响因素的logistic回归分析中,发汞水平较高的研究对象其震颤强度有增加的风险(OR=2.086,95%CI:0.956~4.555),左手平均反应时间有延长的风险(OR=1.561,95%CI:0.930~2.620),尿汞水平较高的研究对象其右手震颤中心频率有增加的风险(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.000~1.323)。结论食用稻米较多的研究对象倾向于具有较高的发汞水平,体内汞水平较高可能影响神经行为功能。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the relationship between mercury exposure level and neurobehavioral function of primary school students in industrial polluted areas and to analyze the factors affecting mercury exposure and neurobehavioral function. Methods from 2012 to 2014, 6 regions were selected from different directions in China (Suning County, Hebei Province, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, Tieling City, Liaoning Province, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region). Xinxiang City, Henan Province and Shizuishan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous region) were selected as the study sites. A total of 1,013 primary school students aged between 8 and 12 were selected as the study subjects. The immediate urine samples and hair samples of the subjects were collected to detect the mercury content. Neurobehavioral evaluation system (NES) and balance test were used to evaluate the neurobehavioral function of the subjects. The basic information such as age, sex, family status and diet were collected by questionnaire. Results there was a positive correlation between hair mercury and urinary creatinine adjusted mercury levels (rs=0.211,P0.01). In the logistic regression analysis of the influencing factors of mercury exposure, children who ate more meat per week had higher risk of urinary mercury level (OR=1.855,95%CI:1.168~2.950) and higher incidence of mercury level (OR=2.309,95%CI:1.214~4.392). The risk of higher mercury levels was also positively correlated with rice frequency per week (OR=1.755,95%CI:1.101~2.798). In the logistic regression analysis of factors affecting neurobehavioral function, The risk of increasing tremor intensity (OR=2.086,95%CI:0.956~4.555), prolonging the mean reaction time of left hand (OR=1.561,95%CI:0.930~2.620) and increasing the frequency of right hand tremor center (OR=1.151,95%CI:1.000~1.323) were found in subjects with higher mercury level in hair. Conclusion the study subjects who eat more rice tend to have higher hair mercury level, and the higher mercury level in vivo may affect neurobehavioral function.
【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系;北京医院老年医学部;韩国国立环境科学研究院;
【基金】：中韩环境科技合作项目
【分类号】：R179

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