滦县133所学校生活饮用水卫生状况分析

发布时间：2018-11-07 18:35

【摘要】：目的对滦县学校供水卫生状况进行调查和水质检验,为提高饮水卫生质量、保障师生身体健康提供科学依据。方法编制学校供水卫生状况调查表,对学校供水情况逐一进行调查,并采集学校生活饮用水样品进行检验分析。结果滦县共有各类学校133所,集中式供水学校占72.93%(97/133);学校供水水源均为地下水,深层地下水水源占79.70%(106/133);学校饮水消毒实施率仅为8.27%(11/133);水源防护总体合格率为71.43%(95/133),集中供水水源防护合格率为78.53%(76/97),分散式供水防护合格率为52.78%(19/36),不同供水方式水源防护合格率有统计学差异(χ~2=8.40,P0.01);水质样品检验总体合格率为78.95%(105/133),城区集中供水、学校自建集中供水、村建集中供水、分散式供水水质检验合格率分别为100%(11/11)、77.61%(52/67)、78.94%(15/19)、75.00%(27/36),不同供水类型水质合格率无统计学差异(χ~2=3.35,P0.05);检验指标中感官指标合格率最高为100%(133/133),微生物指标合格率最低,为81.95%(109/133),不同检验指标合格率有统计差异(χ~2=26.33,P0.01)。结论滦县学校饮用水污染的主要因素为微生物污染,饮水消毒实施率低、水源防护不合格是造成饮水污染的主要原因,因此应加强水质消毒和水源防护,减少水质污染,提高学校饮水卫生质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the sanitation of water supply in Luanxian schools and to provide scientific basis for improving the quality of drinking water and ensuring the health of teachers and students. Methods A questionnaire was compiled to investigate the situation of water supply in schools, and the samples of drinking water in schools were collected for examination and analysis. Results there were 133 schools in Luanxian County, 72.93% (97 / 133) of them were centralized water supply schools, and 79.70% (106 / 133) were deep groundwater sources. The implementation rate of drinking water disinfection in schools was only 8.27% (11 / 133). The overall qualified rate of water source protection is 71.43% (95 / 133), the qualified rate of centralized water source protection is 78.53% (76 / 97), the qualified rate of decentralized water supply protection is 52.78% (19 / 36). The qualified rate of water source protection in different water supply modes was significantly different (蠂 ~ 2 ~ (8.40) P _ (0.01); The overall qualified rate of water quality samples was 78.95% (105 / 133). The qualified rates of centralized water supply in urban areas, centralized water supply in schools, centralized water supply in village construction, and decentralized water supply were 100% (11 / 11), respectively. 77.61% (52 / 67), 78.94% (15 / 19), 75.00% (27 / 36). There was no significant difference in the qualified rate of water quality among different water supply types (蠂 ~ 2 ~ (3.35) P 0.05). The qualified rate of sensory index was 100% (133 / 133), the qualification rate of microbial index was 81.95% (109 / 133), and there was statistical difference among different test indexes (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (26.33) P _ (0.01). Conclusion microbial contamination is the main factor of drinking water pollution in Luanxian school. The low implementation rate of drinking water disinfection and unqualified water source protection are the main causes of drinking water pollution. Therefore, water quality disinfection and water source protection should be strengthened to reduce water pollution. The quality of drinking water in schools should be improved.
【作者单位】：滦县疾病预防控制中心;滦县卫生监督所;
【分类号】：R123.1

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