2006～2009年中国贫困地区6岁以下儿童营养不良监测结果与分析

发布时间：2018-11-08 15:26

【摘要】：目的：了解中国贫困地区6岁以下儿童营养不良状况及其影响因素,为改善贫困地区儿童营养健康状况提供科学依据。方法：本研究采用面对面询问调查方法,对2006-2009年从13个监测县(市)中随机抽取的6800、9330、9210、9024名6岁以下儿童进行问卷调查。内容包括询问调查、体格测量、生化检测。采用EpiData3.0建立数据库,采用WHO Anthro V3.2.2软件计算6岁以下儿童营养不良率。应用趋势卡方检验进行数据比较,应用卡方检验进行影响因素单因素分析,运用非条件logistic回归模型分析6岁以下儿童营养健康状况的影响因素。结果：2006～2009年中国贫困地区6岁以下儿童生长迟缓率分别为17.6%、18.6%、14.8%和16.2%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.068,P=0.000)；儿童的低体重率分别为7.9%、8.2%、7.4%和7.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.501,P=0.479)。儿童贫血患病率分别为26.5%、26.8%、19.6%和26.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.888,P=0.005)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示：①儿童为早产儿、没有吃早餐习惯是6岁以下儿童生长迟缓的危险因素；父亲文化程度是小学未毕业、小学和初中相对文盲是儿童生长迟缓的保护因素。②儿童近两周内患上呼吸道疾病、没有吃早餐习惯是儿童低体重的危险因素；此外,父母亲文化程度是小学未毕业、小学和初中相对文盲是儿童低体重的保护因素。③儿童为早产儿、父母非儿童主要看护人、儿童近两周患腹泻为中国贫困地区6岁以下儿童贫血患病率的危险因素；此外,出生后6个月内坚持母乳喂养、有吃早餐习惯为儿童贫血患病率的保护因素。结论：2006～2009年中国贫困地区6岁以下儿童营养不良主要指标无明显下降趋势,贫困地区儿童营养干预和改善工作仍任重道远。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the malnutrition status of children under 6 years old and its influencing factors in poor areas of China, and to provide scientific basis for improving the nutritional health status of children in poor areas. Methods: in this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 6 800 (9330) 9210 9024 children under 6 years of age who were randomly selected from 13 monitoring counties (cities) from 2006 to 2009. The content includes inquiry investigation, physical measurement, biochemical test. EpiData3.0 was used to establish database and WHO Anthro V3.2.2 software was used to calculate malnutrition rate of children under 6 years old. The trend chi-square test was used to compare the data, the univariate analysis of influencing factors was carried out by chi-square test, and the non-conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of nutritional health status of children under 6 years of age. Results: from 2006 to 2009, the growth retardation rate of children under 6 years of age in the poverty-stricken areas of China was 17.618. 8% and 16. 2%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 2 + 18. 068%, P < 0. 000). The low body weight rates of children were 7.9% and 7.9%, respectively. There was no significant difference between them (蠂 ~ 2 / 0.501P ~ (0.479). The prevalence rate of anemia in children was 26.6% and 26.8%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (蠂 2 7.888U P 0.005). The results of multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that: 1 Children were preterm infants and no breakfast habit was the risk factor of growth retardation in children under 6 years of age; The father's education level was not graduated from primary school, the relative illiteracy in primary school and junior middle school was the protective factor of children's growth retardation. 2 Children suffered from upper respiratory tract disease in recent two weeks, and not eating breakfast habit was the risk factor of children's low body weight. In addition, the parents' education level is that the primary school does not graduate, the primary school and the junior middle school relative illiteracy is the child low weight protection factor. 3 the child is the premature baby, the parent is not the child main carer, Diarrhea was the risk factor of anemia among children under 6 years of age in poor areas of China in recent two weeks. In addition, breast feeding within 6 months after birth and breakfast habits were the protective factors of anemia prevalence in children. Conclusion: from 2006 to 2009, the main indicators of malnutrition among children under 6 years of age in poor areas of China have no significant downward trend, and the intervention and improvement of children's nutrition in poor areas still have a long way to go.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R151

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