广州市某金属制品企业噪声暴露工人听力损失的3年追踪观察

发布时间：2018-11-14 07:21

【摘要】：目的评估广州市某金属制品企业噪声暴露工人听力损失的流行特征。方法对焊接、金工和冲压车间工人进行连续3年追踪观察,并对听力学结果进行分层分析。结果听力总异常率为71.19%,职业健康监护的目标疾病总检出率为10.40%。听力损失男性高于女性(P0.05),高龄组高于低龄组(P0.05),暴露工龄越长听力损失越严重(P0.05)。各年度比较,听力异常率呈逐年下降趋势(P0.05),目标疾病检出率之间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。各车间比较,焊接车间听力损失最严重(P0.05)。连续2年诊断为目标疾病的患者有18人,连续3年诊断为目标疾病的患者有8人。结论该企业噪声暴露工人的听力损失较严重。接噪工龄累积、焊接车间病例高聚集性、目标疾病患者处置效率低是造成听力损失处于高流行状态的重要原因。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the prevalence of hearing loss among workers exposed to noise in a metal products factory in Guangzhou. Methods the welding, metalworking and stamping workshop workers were followed up for 3 consecutive years, and the results of audiology were analyzed by stratification. Results the total abnormal rate of hearing was 71.19 and the total detection rate of target diseases in occupational health monitoring was 10.40. Hearing loss was higher in males than in females (P0.05), and higher in the elderly group than in the underage group (P0.05). The longer the exposure period was, the more serious the hearing loss was (P0.05). Compared with each year, the rate of abnormal hearing was decreasing year by year (P0.05), and there was no significant difference between the detection rate of target diseases (P0.05). Compared with each workshop, the hearing loss of welding workshop was the most serious (P0.05). 18 patients were diagnosed as target diseases for two consecutive years, and 8 patients were diagnosed as target diseases for three consecutive years. Conclusion the hearing loss of workers exposed to noise in this enterprise is serious. The main reasons for the high prevalence of hearing loss are the accumulation of noise exposure, the high concentration of cases in welding workshop and the low disposal efficiency of target disease patients.
【作者单位】：广东省工伤康复中心职业健康检查科;
【分类号】：R135.8

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