卫生洁具行业职业健康安全风险评估与分级管理效果评价
发布时间：2018-11-19 08:01
【摘要】：目的探讨职业健康安全风险评估与分级管理在职业卫生监督管理中的应用效果。方法采用分层抽样的方法在平湖市洁具行业协会会员单位中选取20家单位作为研究对象,制定《用人单位职业健康安全风险评估及分级管理实施指南》和《卫生洁具生产企业职业健康安全管理规范》,按照上述指南和规范对研究对象实施干预,并采用t检验、χ2检验、方差分析(ANOVA)等统计学方法比较干预前后风险评估得分、监督等级、扣分条目、劳动者职业健康检查合格率、工作场所职业病危害因素检测合格率、企业主要职业卫生管理指标、管理人员职业健康知晓情况、企业对职业卫生服务的满意度及需求等指标的差异,对干预效果进行评价。结果通过职业健康安全风险评估和分级管理,研究对象的扣分条目有所减少,职业健康安全风险评估得分的平均分由41.96±11.05提高到70.12±15.40,风险水平有所降低(t=15.16,P0.05)。监管等级为Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级的企业所占比例由10%提高到60%。劳动者职业健康检查合格率由80.85%提高到93.55%(χ2=5.443,P0.05)职业病危害因素的检测合格率由69.74%提高到89.51%(χ2=14.46,P0.05)。培训前、培训1次后和培训2次后的平均分分别为20.79±5.04,26.49±3.28,32.50±2.50,培训次数越多,管理人员职业健康知识知晓情况越好(F=49.52,P0.05)。研究对象的主要职业卫生管理指标：管理制度建立率、职业健康检查率、职业病危害因素检测率、防护设施配备率、个人防护用品使用率和职业卫生知识培训率等均有不同程度的提高(χ2检验,P0.05) 结论职业健康安全风险评估及分级监管模式,是一种定性定量相结合的动态管理模式,对企业具有普遍适用性、也使各行业间具有可比性,符合“分类管理、综合治理”的监管原则,有利于合理配置职业卫生监督资源,不断提高职业卫生监管的有效性和针对性,可向其他行业和地区推广。同时,因为评估指标比较具体、重点突出,也有利于企业的自我管理、自我提高和自我完善。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the effect of occupational health and safety risk assessment and grading management in occupational health supervision and management. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to select 20 units in Pinghu sanitary ware industry association as the object of study. To formulate the implementation Guide of Occupational Health and Safety risk Assessment and grading Management of employers and the Occupational Health and Safety Management Standard of Sanitary Ware Manufacturing Enterprises, and to intervene the study objects according to the above guidelines and norms, and to adopt t test. 蠂 2 test, variance analysis of (ANOVA) and other statistical methods were used to compare the scores of risk assessment, supervision grade, deduction entry, the qualified rate of occupational health examination of workers, and the qualified rate of occupational disease hazard factors in the workplace before and after intervention. The main occupational health management indexes, occupational health knowledge of managers, satisfaction and demand of occupational health services were evaluated. Results through occupational health and safety risk assessment and grading management, the study subjects' deduction points were reduced, the average score of occupational health and safety risk assessment increased from 41.96 卤11.05 to 70.12 卤15.40, and the average score of occupational health and safety risk assessment was increased from 41.96 卤11.05 to 70.12 卤15.40. The risk level was decreased (tr 15.16% P 0.05). The level of supervision is grade I, and the proportion of enterprises of grade II has increased from 10% to 60%. The qualified rate of occupational health examination of workers was increased from 80.85% to 93.55% (蠂 ~ (2 +) 5.443). The qualified rate of occupational hazard factors was increased from 69.74% to 89.51% (蠂 ~ (2) ~ (2) ~ (14) ~ (46) P _ (0.05). Before training, the average scores after one training and two training were 20.79 卤5.04 卤26.49 卤3.28 32.50 卤2.50, respectively. The more training times, the better the knowledge of occupational health knowledge of managers (FF49.52 P 0.05). The main occupational health management indicators of the subjects were: the establishment rate of management system, the rate of occupational health inspection, the detection rate of occupational disease hazard factors, the rate of protection facilities, The utilization rate of personal protective equipment and the training rate of occupational health knowledge were improved to some extent (蠂 ~ 2 test, P0.05) conclusion Occupational health and safety risk assessment and hierarchical supervision model, It is a kind of dynamic management mode combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, which has universal applicability to enterprises, makes all industries comparable, conforms to the principle of "classified management, comprehensive management", and is beneficial to the rational allocation of occupational health supervision resources. Continuously improve the effectiveness and pertinence of occupational health supervision, can be extended to other industries and regions. At the same time, because the evaluation index is more specific and emphases, it is also beneficial to self-management, self-improvement and self-perfection.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R132
本文编号：2341630
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the effect of occupational health and safety risk assessment and grading management in occupational health supervision and management. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to select 20 units in Pinghu sanitary ware industry association as the object of study. To formulate the implementation Guide of Occupational Health and Safety risk Assessment and grading Management of employers and the Occupational Health and Safety Management Standard of Sanitary Ware Manufacturing Enterprises, and to intervene the study objects according to the above guidelines and norms, and to adopt t test. 蠂 2 test, variance analysis of (ANOVA) and other statistical methods were used to compare the scores of risk assessment, supervision grade, deduction entry, the qualified rate of occupational health examination of workers, and the qualified rate of occupational disease hazard factors in the workplace before and after intervention. The main occupational health management indexes, occupational health knowledge of managers, satisfaction and demand of occupational health services were evaluated. Results through occupational health and safety risk assessment and grading management, the study subjects' deduction points were reduced, the average score of occupational health and safety risk assessment increased from 41.96 卤11.05 to 70.12 卤15.40, and the average score of occupational health and safety risk assessment was increased from 41.96 卤11.05 to 70.12 卤15.40. The risk level was decreased (tr 15.16% P 0.05). The level of supervision is grade I, and the proportion of enterprises of grade II has increased from 10% to 60%. The qualified rate of occupational health examination of workers was increased from 80.85% to 93.55% (蠂 ~ (2 +) 5.443). The qualified rate of occupational hazard factors was increased from 69.74% to 89.51% (蠂 ~ (2) ~ (2) ~ (14) ~ (46) P _ (0.05). Before training, the average scores after one training and two training were 20.79 卤5.04 卤26.49 卤3.28 32.50 卤2.50, respectively. The more training times, the better the knowledge of occupational health knowledge of managers (FF49.52 P 0.05). The main occupational health management indicators of the subjects were: the establishment rate of management system, the rate of occupational health inspection, the detection rate of occupational disease hazard factors, the rate of protection facilities, The utilization rate of personal protective equipment and the training rate of occupational health knowledge were improved to some extent (蠂 ~ 2 test, P0.05) conclusion Occupational health and safety risk assessment and hierarchical supervision model, It is a kind of dynamic management mode combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, which has universal applicability to enterprises, makes all industries comparable, conforms to the principle of "classified management, comprehensive management", and is beneficial to the rational allocation of occupational health supervision resources. Continuously improve the effectiveness and pertinence of occupational health supervision, can be extended to other industries and regions. At the same time, because the evaluation index is more specific and emphases, it is also beneficial to self-management, self-improvement and self-perfection.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R132
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