菠萝果实维生素组分和含量变化的研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 20:20

【摘要】：随着生活水平的提高和亚健康状况的日益多见,食品的保健功能受到越来越多的关注。菠萝风味独特,营养丰富,深受国内外消费者的青睐,是世界三大热带水果之一研究菠萝果实维生素组分和含量的变化,可以为菠萝品种选育、栽培和生产加工利用提供科学依据。本研究利用HPLC法分析了巴厘、卡因、金菠萝、蜜宝(台农19号)果实4个成熟阶段(青熟期、黄熟期、完熟期和过熟期)；神湾、香水(台农11号)、金菠萝等11个品种成熟果实(黄熟期)以及不同地区巴厘和卡因冬季果和夏季果维生素A、维生素C、维生素B3、维生素B12和维生素B6的含量差异。研究结果如下： 1.从青熟期到过熟期,4个品种果实维生素A、维生素C和维生素B3含量随果实成熟呈下降趋势,而维生素B12和维生素B6含量呈上升趋势；其中,巴厘维生素A含量的变化幅度最大,在0.0020mg/g-0.0038mg/g之间；金菠萝维生素B3变化幅度最大,在0.0046mg/g～0.0110mg/g之间；蜜宝维生素C和维生素B6变化幅度最大,分别在0.0885mg/g-0.2608mg/g和0.0125mg/g-0.0698mg/g之间；卡因维生素B12变化幅度最大,在0.0056mg/g-0.0165mg/g之间。4个品种的4个成熟阶段,维生素A在青熟期的卡因含量最高,维生素B12完熟期含量最高,维生素C和维生素B3在金菠萝完熟期含量最高,维生素B6在蜜宝过熟期含量最高。维生素B12在巴厘未检出,维生素B6在青熟期巴厘也未检出。 2.菠萝11个品种维生素C含量在0.10mg/g～0.23mg/g之间,维生素A的含量在0.0016mg/g～0.0038mg/g之间,维生素B3的含量在0.0038mg/g～0.024mg/g之间,维生素B6含量差异比较大,在0.0045mg/g～0.067mg/g之间。巴厘、香水、Golden Winter Sweet、New Phuket、Phuket5个品种均未检测含有维生素B12,其它品种的维生素B12含量在0.0020mg/g～0.012mg/g之间。在所测定的品种间,除了维生素B3和维生素B12差异较小外,维生素A、维生素C、维生素B6在品种间均存在显著性差异。巴厘维生素A含量显著高于其它品种,香水的维生素C含量显著高于其它品种,Golden Winter Sweet维生素B3和维生素B6的含量最高,蜜宝维生素B12含量最高。 3.巴厘种3个地区5种维生素含量差异显著,湛江和海南地区卡因维生素A和维生素C差异不显著,但都显著高于云南,其它维生素3地区差异显著。不同地区对各种维生素含量影响较大,冬季果中,海南地区维生素C含量显著高于其它地区,云南和海南地区维生素B6显著高于湛江；夏季果中,湛江地区维生素C含量显著高于其它地区,云南地区维生素B3显著高于其它地区。2品种冬季果维生素C、维生素B3、维生素B6含量较夏季果均呈下降趋势,维生素A和维生素B12含量相反。2品种冬季果中含有维生素E,在0.10～0.25mg/g之间,夏季果中未检出；湛江巴厘未检出含有维生素B12,海南巴厘未检出含有维生素B6。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of living standards and the increasing number of sub-health conditions, the health care function of food has been paid more and more attention. Pineapple has unique flavor and rich nutrition. It is favored by consumers at home and abroad. It is one of the three tropical fruits in the world to study the changes of vitamin composition and content of pineapple fruit, which can be used for the selection of pineapple varieties. Cultivation and production and processing to provide scientific basis. In this study, HPLC method was used to analyze the four ripening stages (green, yellow, complete and overripe) of Bali, Caine, Golden pineapple and Mibao (Tainong 19) fruit. The contents of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B3, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 in winter fruit and summer fruit of Bali and Caine were different in 11 varieties of ripe fruit (yellow mature period), such as Shenwan, Perfume (Tannong 11), Golden pineapple and so on, and the contents of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B3, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 in different areas. The results are as follows: 1. The contents of vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin B _ 3 decreased with the fruit ripening, while the contents of vitamin B _ (12) and vitamin B _ (6) increased from green to overripe. Among them, the content of vitamin A in Bali was the largest in 0.0020mg/g-0.0038mg/g, the change in vitamin B3 in pineapple was the biggest in 0.0046mg/g~0.0110mg/g, and the content of vitamin A in Balinese was the largest in 0.0046mg/g~0.0110mg/g. The changes of vitamin C and vitamin B6 were the largest, between 0.0885mg/g-0.2608mg/g and 0.0125mg/g-0.0698mg/g, respectively. The content of vitamin A was the highest in the mature stage and the highest in the mature stage of the four varieties, and the content of vitamin B 12 was the highest in the mature stage of the four varieties. The contents of vitamin C and vitamin B _ 3 were the highest in the mature period of golden pineapple and the highest in the over-maturation period of Mepao. Vitamin B 12 was not detected in Bali and vitamin B 6 was not detected in Bali. 2. Among 11 varieties of pineapple, vitamin C content was between 0.10mg/g~0.23mg/g, vitamin A content was between 0.0016mg/g~0.0038mg/g and vitamin B3 content was between 0.0038mg/g~0.024mg/g. The content of vitamin B _ 6 is quite different, and the content of vitamin B _ 6 is different between 0.0045mg/g~0.067mg/g. Balinese, perfume, Golden Winter Sweet,New Phuket,Phuket5 varieties did not detect vitamin B 12, other varieties of vitamin B 12 content in the range of 0.0020mg/g~0.012mg/g. There were significant differences in vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin B6 between the cultivars except vitamin B _ 3 and vitamin B _ 12. The content of vitamin A in Bali was significantly higher than that in other varieties, the content of vitamin C in perfume was significantly higher than that in other varieties of, Golden Winter Sweet, the content of vitamin B3 and vitamin B6 in other varieties was the highest, and the content of Mepao vitamin B12 was the highest. 3. There were significant differences in five vitamins in Balinese three areas, but no significant difference in vitamin A and vitamin C between Zhanjiang and Hainan, but they were all significantly higher than those in Yunnan, and significant differences were found in other vitamin 3 areas. In winter fruit, the vitamin C content in Hainan was significantly higher than that in other regions, and vitamin B6 in Yunnan and Hainan was significantly higher than that in Zhanjiang. In summer, the content of vitamin C in Zhanjiang area was significantly higher than that in other areas, and the content of vitamin B3 in Yunnan area was significantly higher than that in other regions. 2 the contents of vitamin C, vitamin B3 and vitamin B6 in winter fruit of Zhanjiang region were lower than those in summer fruit. The contents of vitamin A and vitamin B12 were opposite. 2. Vitamin E was found in winter fruit, but no vitamin E was detected between 0.10~0.25mg/g and summer fruit. No vitamin B12 was detected in Bali, Zhanjiang, and vitamin B6 was not detected in Bali, Hainan.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R151

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