孕期体重增长与出生体重关系研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 15:51

【摘要】：目的探讨上海地区产妇孕期体重增长的适宜范围及其与出生体重之间的关系。方法收集上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院产科和上海市长宁区妇幼保健院产科分娩的自然妊娠、单胎、足月产产妇资料。采集孕妇自身指标(年龄、孕周、文化程度、身高、孕前体重、分娩前体重、受孕方式、产次、既往疾病史)和胎儿指标(出生孕周、分娩方式、胎儿性别、出生体重、出生身长)。体质指数(body mass index,BMI)=体重(kg)/身高(m)2。孕妇妊娠前BMI≥24.0 kg/m2为超重,18.4 kg/m2为低体重。足月分娩胎儿出生体重4 000 g为巨大儿。结果共收集1 103人产妇纳入本研究(低体重组192人、正常体重组761人、超重组150人)。巨大儿总发生率为6.3%。随着产妇年龄的增加,BMI也逐步升高。低体重组和正常体重组孕期体重增长明显高于超重组产妇,前两组之间无明显差异低体重组(15.4±4.3)kg、正常体重组(15.5±5.1)kg、超重组(13.0±6.0)kg;虽然超重组产妇体重增长较少,但胎儿出生体重却明显高于其他2组产妇低体重组(3 261.2±341.9)g、正常体重组(3 387.9±383.7)g、超重组(3 469.6±408.2)g。低体重组孕妇自然分娩率最高(57.8%),其次为正常体重组(48.6%),超重组最低(40.0%)。采用四分位数方法,孕前低体重组和正常体重组的孕期体重适宜增长范围为12.0~18.5 kg,超重组则为9.0~16.0 kg。二项Logistic回归分析显示孕前BMI和孕期体重增长是巨大儿发生的危险因素。结论孕前BMI和孕期体重增长是巨大儿发生的危险因素。控制孕前BMI和孕期体重增长才能有效降低巨大儿的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the appropriate range of maternal weight gain during pregnancy and its relationship with birth weight in Shanghai area. Methods the data of natural pregnancy, single child and term delivery in obstetrics of Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical College and Changning District Maternal and Child Health Hospital were collected. Maternal parameters (age, gestational age, education, height, weight before pregnancy, weight before delivery, mode of conception, time of delivery, history of previous disease) and fetal indicators (gestational age, delivery mode, fetal sex, birth weight) were collected. Length of birth) Body mass index (body mass index,BMI) = weight (kg) / height (m) 2. Before pregnancy, BMI 鈮，

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