上海市全科医生控烟知识与态度及其影响因素

发布时间：2019-02-13 11:49

【摘要】：目的了解上海市社区全科医生的吸烟状况和控烟知识与态度,并对其影响因素进行分析,为进一步提高社区全科医生的控烟知识与态度及控烟政策的制定提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,对上海市17家社区卫生服务中心的499名全科医生进行吸烟状况及控烟服务能力相关情况的调查。社区全科医生吸烟状况与控烟服务情况调查表主要包括四部分内容：基本情况、吸烟现况、提供控烟服务情况、控烟服务的知识和态度。主要评价指标：全科医生控烟服务能力的知识和态度。次要评价指标：社区全科医生烟草使用情况；社区全科医生控烟服务能力的自我评价；影响社区全科医生控烟知识和态度的因素；控烟知识和态度现状对控烟工作的影响。结果1、主要指标结果：①控烟知识：在所有被调查者中,44.5%的被调查者控烟知识掌握较差。50岁以上及工作年限在30年以上的全科医生控烟知识掌握较差,没有参加过控烟技能培训的全科医生控烟知识掌握较差；西医全科及非吸烟者的全科医生控烟知识掌握较好,本科学历的全科医生控烟知识掌握较好。②控烟态度：39.3%的被调查者控烟态度及信念消极。年龄在41至50岁间、工作时间在11至20年间及中医全科医生的控烟态度和信念消极,参加过控烟技能培训、具有较好控烟知识的全科医生控烟态度和信念护极。 2、次要指标结果：①调查对象总吸烟率为17.4%,男性46.2%,女性0.3%。现在吸烟率12.4%,男性33.3%,女性中无现在吸烟者。50岁以上和教育水平为中专的男性医生的现在吸烟率最高。②控烟知识掌握较好、控烟态度和信念积极的全科医生对自身控烟服务能力的评价较高,相反,控烟知识掌握较差、控烟态度和信念消极的全科医生对自身控烟服务能力的评价也较低。③控烟知识知晓率高的全科医生较知晓率低的医生提供控烟服务的比例无明显差异,控烟态度与控烟行为之间有正相关关系,态度积极者更倾向于提供更多的控烟服务。④Logistic回归分析显示,社区全科医生的工作类别、是否参加过控烟技能培训与其是否具有较好的控烟知识和态度有关(P0.05) 结论上海市社区全科医生对烟草危害的重视程度不够,控烟意识不强,控烟服务能力不足,应当积极开展控烟培训,提高社区全科医生的控烟知识和控烟能力,进而推动全社会的控烟工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand smoking status and smoking control knowledge and attitude of community general practitioners in Shanghai and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide reference basis for further improvement of smoking control knowledge and attitude of community general practitioners and the formulation of tobacco control policies. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 499 general practitioners in 17 community health service centers in Shanghai. The questionnaire of smoking status and tobacco control service of community general practitioners mainly includes four parts: basic situation, smoking status, providing tobacco control service, knowledge and attitude of tobacco control service. Main outcome measures: knowledge and attitude of general practitioners in tobacco control service. Secondary evaluation measures: tobacco use of community general practitioners; self-evaluation of community general practitioners' ability to control tobacco; influencing factors of community general practitioners' knowledge and attitude on tobacco control; influence of current situation of tobacco control knowledge and attitude on tobacco control work. Results 1. Main indicators: 1 knowledge of tobacco control: 44.5% of the respondents had poor knowledge of tobacco control, and those over 50 years of age and more than 30 years of working experience had poor knowledge of tobacco control, and 44.5% of the respondents had a poor knowledge of tobacco control, and those who were over 50 years old and had worked for more than 30 years had poor knowledge of tobacco control. The general practitioners who had not participated in the training of tobacco control skills had poor knowledge of tobacco control. The general practitioners of Western medicine and non-smokers had a good knowledge of tobacco control, while those with undergraduate education had better knowledge of tobacco control. 2 smoking control attitude: 39.3% of the respondents had negative attitude and belief in tobacco control. Aged between 41 and 50, working hours between 11 and 20 years, and Chinese medicine general practitioners' negative attitude and belief in tobacco control, they have participated in tobacco control skills training and have a good knowledge of tobacco control. 2, secondary results: 1 the total smoking rate was 17.4%, 46.2% for males and 0.3% for females. At present, the smoking rate is 12.4%, the male is 33.3um, there are no current smokers among women. The male doctors who are over 50 years of age and have a high level of education have the highest smoking rate. 2 the knowledge of tobacco control is better. The general practitioners with positive attitude and belief in tobacco control had a higher evaluation of their own ability of tobacco control services. On the contrary, they had a poor knowledge of tobacco control. The general practitioners with negative attitude and belief in tobacco control also had lower evaluation of their ability to provide tobacco control services. 3 there was no significant difference in the proportion of tobacco control services provided by general practitioners with higher awareness of tobacco control knowledge than those with lower awareness rates. There was a positive correlation between smoking control attitude and tobacco control behavior, and positive attitude was more likely to provide more tobacco control services. 4Logistic regression analysis showed that the job types of community general practitioners, Whether they have participated in the training of tobacco control skills is related to whether they have better knowledge and attitude on tobacco control (P0.05) conclusion the community general practitioners in Shanghai pay less attention to tobacco hazards, have not strong awareness of tobacco control, and have insufficient ability of tobacco control services. Tobacco control training should be carried out actively to improve the knowledge and ability of community general practitioners in tobacco control, and then to promote tobacco control work in the whole society.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R163

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