新疆农牧区维吾尔、哈萨克族初中生营养与体质发育关系的研究

发布时间：2019-04-11 14:13

【摘要】：目的：了解南北疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族初中学生的膳食营养和身体素质状况，探讨其体质与营养之间的关系。方法：1.学生的膳食营养状况采用24小时膳食回顾法进行调查。2.在第一次膳食调查后对学生进行最基础的营养健康知识宣教，宣教以讲座的形式进行，共宣教两次，间隔8周。再采用24小时膳食回顾法调查学生宣教后的膳食营养状况，并与我国每日膳食营养素参考摄入量（DRIs）进行比较分析。3.根据教育部、国家体育总局印发的《学生体质健康标准》(试验方案)的测试要求，对所选取的研究对象进行体质健康测试，，用均数±标准差（x±s）描述研究对象的各体质指标水平。4.用SPSS17.0统计软件对数据进行统计，并做营养素与体质指标的相关分析。结果：1.宣教前后两民族男女学生各营养素摄入情况与DRIs相比差距较大，钙、铁、锌、硒普遍缺乏，相对于哈族学生来说维族学生存在更严重的营养素缺乏状况。2.宣教前后两民族学生体质状况大部分都有所提高（P0.05），且哈族男女学生宣教前后体质状况都好于维族男女学生（P0.05）。3.哈族男女学生宣教前后肺活量水平高于国家平均水平，且显著的高于维族学生（P0.01）。4.两民族男女学生营养素摄入情况与体质指标的相关性彼此差异很大。结论：1.两民族学生营养状况不理想，膳食营养素摄入不合理。2.两民族学生体质状况大部分均低于国家平均水平。3.学生营养宣教前后膳食营养摄入不合理但体质状况却有好转。4.膳食营养和体质状况方面哈族学生好于维族学生。5.建议平衡学生膳食结构，增强营养的摄入，并加强体育锻炼和身体素质的强化。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the dietary nutrition and physical fitness of Uygur and Kazak junior middle school students in Northern and Southern Xinjiang, and to study the relationship between the constitution and nutrition. Method:1. The dietary nutritional status of the students was investigated by a 24-hour diet review. After the first meal survey, the students are given the most basic knowledge of the nutrition and health, and the education and education are carried out in the form of a lecture, and they are taught twice, and the interval is 8 weeks. A 24-hour dietary review was used to investigate the dietary nutritional status of the students and to compare with the daily dietary nutrient reference intake (DRIs) in China. According to the test requirements of the Ministry of Education and the State Administration of Physical Education issued by the State Administration of Physical Education, the physical fitness test of the selected study object and the standard deviation (x's) of the mean number are used to describe the level of each physical index of the study object. The statistics of the data were carried out using the SPSS17.0 statistical software, and the correlation analysis of the nutrient and the body constitution index was made. Results:1. Compared with the DRIs, there is a large difference in the intake of the nutrients of the two ethnic and female students before and after the education, and the lack of calcium, iron, zinc and selenium is more serious than that of the students in the Han nationality. Before and after the education, the physical condition of the students in the two nationalities was improved (P0.05), and the physical condition of the students of both sexes before and after the education was better than that of the students of the group (P0.05). The level of vital capacity before and after the education of the Han nationality students was higher than that of the national average, and the level of vital capacity was higher than that of the Uighur students (P0.01). The correlation of the nutrient intake of the two ethnic groups and the physical index is very different from each other. Conclusion:1. The nutritional status of the two ethnic students is not ideal, and the intake of dietary nutrients is not reasonable. The physical condition of the two ethnic students is much lower than that of the national average. The dietary nutrition intake was not reasonable before and after the nutrition and education of the students, but the physical condition of the students improved. In terms of dietary nutrition and physical condition, the Han students are better than those of the Uighur students. It is suggested to balance the dietary structure of students, enhance the intake of nutrition, and strengthen the strengthening of physical training and physical fitness.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G637.8;R151

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