体力劳动人群职业紧张与睡眠障碍及工作能力关系的研究

发布时间：2019-06-27 17:50

【摘要】：目的：了解体力劳动人群职业紧张、睡眠质量、工作能力的状况，为今后体力劳动人群职业紧张、睡眠质量、工作能力状况的研究提供资料。方法：采用职业紧张量表（OSI-R）、中文工作倦怠量表（CMBI）、匹兹堡睡眠指数量表（PSQI）、工作能力指数量表（WAI）按照分层整群抽样的方法，随机抽取采矿业、火力充发电、磨料、焊接、冶炼加工等不同行业的体力劳动人群858人进行职业紧张、睡眠质量、工作能力状况的调查。结果：1.职业紧张不同性别的体力劳动人群在任务不适、责任感、娱乐休闲上有差异（P＜0.05）；不同工龄、婚姻状况、学历、收入的体力劳动人群在职业任务、个体应对资源上有差异（P＜0.05）。2.睡眠质量①以PSQI总分＞7分作为判断睡眠质量问题的标准，体力劳动人群睡眠障碍发生率为41.38%。②体力劳动人群PSQI总分值为（7.36±3.23）分。③大中专及以下学历的体力劳动人群与本科及以上学历的体力劳动人群睡眠质量差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），已婚的体力劳动人群与未婚的体力劳动人群睡眠质量差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），工龄＜15年的体力劳动人群与工龄≥15年的体力劳动人群睡眠质量差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），不同性别、收入的体力劳动人群睡眠质量差异则无统计学意义。3.工作能力工作能力是优和好的体力劳动人群占总数的79.49%，体力劳动人群工作能力情况在学历、婚姻状况、工龄、收入上存在极其显著性差异（P＜0.01）。工作能力越好的组，ORQ、PSQ得分越低，PRQ得分越高。4.职业紧张、工作能力、睡眠质量的相互关系相关分析显示职业紧张与工作能力呈负相关，职业紧张与睡眠质量大部分呈正相关，睡眠质量与工作能力大部分呈负相关。多元逐步回归分析显示，婚姻状况、工作能力、职业任务紧张、个体应对资源对睡眠质量都有影响；影响体力劳动人群工作能力的因素是工龄、职业任务、个人紧张反应、睡眠时间、个体应对资源、主观睡眠质量、收入。结论：1.职业紧张方面：男性、工龄小于15年、未婚、学历较高、月收入低的体力劳动人群职业任务紧张水平高于女性、工龄大于15年、已婚、学历较低、月收入高的体力劳动人群；女性、工龄大于15年、已婚、学历高、月收入高的职业倦怠水平高于男性、工龄短、未婚、学历低、收入低的体力劳动人群。2.睡眠质量方面：体力劳动人群睡眠障碍发生率较高。工龄长、教育程度高、已婚的体力劳动人群睡眠质量差于工龄短、教育程度低、未婚的体力劳动者。3.工作能力方面：学历较高、未婚、工龄短、收入高的体力劳动人群工作能力为优秀和较好的比重高于学历较低、已婚、工龄长、收入低的体力劳动人群。4.相关及回归分析：职业紧张与大部分睡眠质量因子呈正相关；职业紧张与工作能力呈负相关；睡眠质量与工作能力大部分呈正相关。婚姻状况、工作能力、职业任务紧张、个体应对资源对睡眠质量都有影响。影响体力劳动人群工作能力的因素是工龄、职业任务、个人紧张反应、睡眠时间、个体应对资源、主观睡眠质量、收入。职业紧张、工作能力、睡眠质量相互影响，改善职业紧张、改善睡眠质量，有利于提高体力劳动人群的工作能力。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the situation of occupational stress, sleep quality and work ability in manual labor, and to provide data for the study of occupational stress, sleep quality and work ability in the future physical labor. Methods: The occupational stress scale (OSI-R), the Chinese job burnout scale (CMBI), the Pittsburgh sleep finger number table (PSQI) and the working capacity finger number table (WAI) were randomly extracted from the mining industry, the power generation, the abrasive and the welding according to the stratified cluster sampling method. The people of manual labor in different industries, such as smelting and processing, were investigated for occupational stress, sleep quality and working ability. Results:1. The physical labor force of the occupational stress of different sex is different from the task discomfort, the sense of responsibility and the recreation and leisure (P <0.05), and the working length, the marital status, the educational background and the income of the manual labor force are different in the professional task and the individual response resources (P <0.05). The rate of sleep disturbance was 41.38% in manual labor. The total score of PSQI in the manual labour force was 7.36 (3.23). There was a significant difference in the quality of sleep between the physical and physical workers in the secondary school and the following degree (P <0.01), and the difference of the quality of sleep between the married and unmarried physical workers was statistically significant (P <0.01). There was a significant difference in the quality of sleep (P <0.01), the difference of the quality of sleep between the physical labor and the working group for 15 years (P <0.01), and the difference of the sleep quality of the manual workers with different sex and income was not statistically significant. The working ability of the working ability is 79.49% of the total number of physical labor, and the working ability of the manual labor force is very significant (P <0.01) in the educational background, the marital status, the service age and the income. The better the working ability, the lower the ORQ and PSQ scores, the higher the PRQ score. The related analysis of the relationship between the occupational stress, the working ability and the sleep quality shows that the occupational stress is negatively correlated with the working ability, the occupational stress is positively related to the sleep quality, and the sleep quality is negatively correlated with the working ability. Multiple stepwise regression analysis shows that marital status, work ability, occupational stress and individual response resources have an impact on the quality of sleep; the factors that affect the working ability of manual workers are service age, occupation task, personal stress response, sleep time, individual response resources, Subjective sleep quality, income. Conclusion:1. The occupational stress aspect: the male, the working length is less than 15 years, the unmarried, the education is high, the monthly income is low, the occupational task tension level is higher than that of the female, the working length is more than 15 years, the married, the educational background is low, the monthly income is high; the female, the working length is more than 15 years, the married, The level of job burnout with high degree of education and high monthly income is higher than that of male, with short service life, unmarried, low educational background and low income. In that aspect of sleep quality, the incidence of sleep disorder in manual labor is high. The working age is long, the education degree is high, the sleeping quality of the married manual labor group is lower than the working age, the education degree is low, and the unwed physical worker. In that aspect of work, the work ability of the manual labor force with high degree of education, unmarried, short service life and high income is higher than that of the manual labor force with low educational background, long service life and low income. Correlation and regression analysis: The occupational stress is positively related to most of the sleep quality factors, the occupational stress is negatively correlated with the working ability, and the sleep quality is positively related to the working ability. Marital status, working ability, occupational stress, individual response resources have an impact on the quality of sleep. The factors that affect the working ability of the manual labor crowd are the length of service, the occupation task, the personal stress reaction, the sleep time, the individual response resources, the subjective sleep quality and the income. The occupational stress, the working ability, the sleep quality influence each other, the occupational stress is improved, the sleep quality is improved, and the working capacity of the manual labor force is improved.
【学位授予单位】：新疆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R131

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