诺斯制度变迁思想中的意识形态理论

发布时间：2018-01-14 13:04

本文关键词：诺斯制度变迁思想中的意识形态理论　出处：《河南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：道格拉斯·C.诺斯作为新制度经济学派的集大成者,他建构了包括“产权、国家和意识形态”等因素在内的较为完整的制度变迁思想体系,并据此奠定了自己在新经济史上的独特地位。就诺斯的思想发展历程来看,“意识形态”的援引无疑构成了其制度分析从早期“新古典的理性分析范式-制度-产权、交易成本”到后期认知制度主义的理论转向,赋有至关重要的理论意义与作用。因而,对于诺斯这一意识形态理论的研究,需要将其置于整个制度变迁思想当中来考察,不仅要解释清楚诺斯为什么从经济学的视域引入意识形态以及意识形态是什么的问题,而且对诺斯意识形态理论的审视只有上升到哲学的高度才能获得更为全面的理解。诺斯的制度变迁思想早先继承了正统“理性选择”模型的理论“硬核”,但伴随着对大量现实制度问题的考察,诺斯逐步意识到新古典经济学的静态分析框架在解释动态、长期制度变迁问题中的局限性,为了摆脱前期的理论困境、提升制度分析的自洽性,诺斯逐步转变了立场并对行为人的假定前提进行了修正,形成了与制度变迁问题紧密关联的意识形态理论。他在这一过程中界定了意识形态的本质特征,探究了意识形态的变化原因,给出了成功的意识形态的判别标准,突显了意识形态的认知功能,回答了无效制度为什么能够长期存在,引进先进制度为什么不能促进经济增长等问题。作为一种主观心智构念,意识形态在社会尤其是经济领域中起着重要的功能和作用,并且成为诺斯解释制度变迁以及制度变迁中的路径依赖性和锁定效应产生的关键所在。诺斯的制度变迁思想是在不断演化发展的,从前期新古典理性选择分析范式影响之下的“制度-产权”分析,到后期认知制度主义道路的开启,意识形态的引入和理论建构促使诺斯的制度观发生了从建构理性主义到演进理性主义的演变。他基于方法论个体主义和认知心理层面,对意识形态的经济功能和实现路径这些方面的探讨具有一定的启发意义,但也存在着较为明显的局限和困境。
[Abstract]:Douglas C. North, as the epitome of the new school of institutional economics, constructed a relatively complete ideological system of institutional change, including the factors of "property right, state and ideology". On the basis of this, he established his unique position in the history of the new economy. The invocation of "ideology" undoubtedly constitutes the theoretical turn of its institutional analysis from the early "New Classical rational Analysis Paradigm-property right, transaction cost" to the later cognitive institutionalism. Therefore, the study of North's ideological theory needs to be put into the whole thought of institutional change. Not only should we explain why North introduced ideology from the perspective of economics and what ideology is. Moreover, the examination of North's ideological theory can only get a more comprehensive understanding of philosophy. North's institutional change thought inherited the "hard core" of the orthodox "rational choice" model. However, with the investigation of a large number of practical institutional problems, North gradually realized the limitations of the static analysis framework of neoclassical economics in explaining the dynamic and long-term institutional changes, in order to get rid of the theoretical dilemma in the early stage. To enhance the self-consistency of institutional analysis, North gradually changed his position and amended the assumed premise of the actor. In this process, he defined the essential characteristics of ideology and explored the reasons for the change of ideology. It gives the criterion of the successful ideology, highlights the cognitive function of the ideology, and answers why the invalid system can exist for a long time. As a subjective mental structure, ideology plays an important role in society, especially in the economic field. And it becomes the key to explain the institutional changes and the path dependence and locking effect in the institutional changes. North's thought of institutional change is evolving constantly. From the "system-property rights" analysis under the influence of the paradigm of neo-classical rational choice analysis in the early stage, to the opening of the road of cognitive institutionalism in the later stage. The introduction of ideology and theoretical construction led to the evolution of North's institutional view from constructive rationalism to evolutionary rationalism, which was based on methodological individualism and cognitive psychology. The discussion on the economic function and realization path of ideology has some enlightening significance, but it also has obvious limitations and difficulties.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B036

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