民之君师与民之父母——阳明与朱子亲民、新民之辩再审视

发布时间：2018-01-19 22:14

  本文关键词： 亲民 新民 民之父母　出处：《浙江学刊》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：朱子的改亲民为“新民”与阳明的主张从旧本之“亲民”从《大学》文本中都可以找到各自的支持依据,两者的分歧既涉及到《大学》德政思想的主题是专在于教化还是教、养并重,也关系到施教的方式。朱子的“新民”说意在教化“染污之民”令其自新,在实际施政中具有刚严的作风,其流弊是导致道德上的苛政。阳明的“亲民”说认为《大学》德政思想的主题是教、养并重,在实际施政中阳明的教化方式也相对温和,更加注重隐恶扬善、兴发引导。从思想渊源看,“亲民”与“新民”诉诸的分别是“民之父母”与“民之君师”的不同范型,前者教、养并重,而后者偏重教;在教的方式上后者也更偏重严威。《大学》之“亲民”宗旨是对《诗》《书》“民之父母”德政范型的继承发挥,体现了儒家为政之道造端乎家庭而通于天地之德的视野,也是封建政治中防止上下否隔而实现“上下交则其志同”、“有礼而亲”的必由之路,在这个方面阳明“万物一体”论的“明明德”思想也与之更为契合。
[Abstract]:Zhu Zi's change from "new people" to "new people" and Yang Ming's proposition can find their own support basis from the old version of "pro-people" from the text of "University". The difference between the two relates to whether the theme of "university > moral and political thought is to educate or teach, and to pay equal attention to the cultivation, but also to the way of teaching." Zhu Zi's "new people" theory is intended to educate the "people who pollute" to make it new. In the actual administration has a strict style of work, its disadvantage is to lead to moral tyranny. Yang Ming's "pro-people" theory that "university > the theme of the idea of moral governance is to teach, and pay equal attention to support." In the actual administration of Yangming the way of enlightenment is also relatively mild, pay more attention to the hidden evil and promote the good, promote guidance. From the perspective of the origin of thought. The difference between "the parents of the people" and "the ruler of the people" is the difference between the "pro-people" and "Xinmin". The former pays equal attention to the education, while the latter focuses on the education. In the way of teaching, the latter also attached more importance to strict prestige. The purpose of "kindred people" of "University" is to inherit and play the moral and political model of "parents of the people" in < Poetry > < Book >. It embodies the Confucian vision of creating the family and passing through the heaven and earth for the sake of politics. It is also the only way in feudal politics to prevent the separation between the upper and the lower and to realize that "it is the same aspiration to make friends between the upper and lower" and "to be courteous and close". In this respect, Yangming's "everything as one" theory of "Mingde" also fits more closely with it.
【正文快照】： 民之君师与民之父母 ＊ ——— 阳明与朱子亲民 、 新民之辩再审视 李 　 旭 　　 提要 ： 朱子的改亲民为 “ 新民 ” 与阳明的主张从旧本之 “ 亲民 ” 从 《 大学 》 文本中都可以找到各 自的支持依据 ，， 两者的分歧既涉及到 《 大学 》 德

本文编号：1445699