张东荪理性观念研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 04:31

本文选题：理性　切入点：条理理性　出处：《华东师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：理性观念是西方学术文化中最为基础和重要的概念之一,张东荪作为中国上世纪二三十年代最有影响力的哲学家之一,他的理性观既有浓郁的西方文化气息,也有深刻的传统儒家思想的烙印。理性于张东荪,辐射到认识论、价值论、伦理学等多个领域和视角,是他的学说中极为关键的组成部分。作为一个学贯中西且有强烈爱国热情的学者,他在对中国传统哲学的深入了解的基础上揭示出中国学习西方文化是大势所趋,其中更为根本的是要学习西方的理性。这一点在当时为一些学者所认同,但是相比同时代的思想家,张东荪不仅独具慧眼的看到了理性的重要性,更独树一帜的将理性分为条理理性和理智理性来看,前者主要是谈理性在中国的发展或者说中国特色的理性；后者则侧重阐述理性在西方或者西方意义上的理性的发展问题以及理智理性和条理理性相比的优越性和根本原因。他在分析二者区别的基础上更加注重两方的统一,以理论联系实际,最终落实到构建理想社会上来。虽然没有留洋欧美的经历,但张东荪对西方哲学的研究却远远超过许多同时代思想家,对于构建理想社会,他提供了理论上的支持,即条理理性和理智理性的合一,同时也在实践层面上提出了许多具体的方案和措施。张东荪的理性观念具有超越时代的眼光,涉及到社会、文化、心理、教育等多个领域。他的贡献不仅是在当时为人们提供了认识理性的正确途径,揭示出理性和科学、理性和民主、理性和进步的真正含义,同时也为经济和思想多元化发展的今天提供了宝贵的精神财富。
[Abstract]:The concept of reason is one of the most basic and important concepts in western academic culture. Zhang Dongsun, as one of the most influential philosophers in China in the 1920s and 1930s, has a rich flavor of Western culture in his view of reason. Reason in Zhang Dongsun, radiating to epistemology, theory of value, ethics and other fields and perspectives, is an extremely important part of his theory. As a scholar with a strong patriotic passion, he reveals that it is the general trend for China to learn Western culture on the basis of his deep understanding of Chinese traditional philosophy. One of the more fundamental is to learn from Western rationality. This was recognized by some scholars at that time, but Zhang Dongsun not only saw the importance of reason in his own eyes, but also compared to the thinkers of his time. The former mainly talks about the development of rationality in China or the rationality with Chinese characteristics. The latter focuses on the development of rationality in the western or western sense, as well as the superiority and root causes of rationality compared with rational rationality. He pays more attention to the unity of the two sides on the basis of analyzing the difference between the two. Connect theory with practice, finally implement to construct ideal society. Although he had no experience of studying in Europe and America, Zhang Dongsun's research on western philosophy far exceeded that of many contemporary thinkers. He provided theoretical support for the construction of an ideal society, that is, the unity of rational and rational. At the same time, it also puts forward many concrete plans and measures on the practical level. Zhang Dongsun's rational concept has the vision of transcending the times and involves many fields, such as society, culture, psychology, education and so on. His contribution was not only to provide people with the correct way to understand rationality at that time, but also to reveal rationality and science. Reason and democracy, the real meaning of reason and progress, also provide valuable spiritual wealth for the development of economic and ideological pluralism today.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B26

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