有机马克思主义的生态文明观研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 06:48

本文选题：有机马克思主义　切入点：生态文明观　出处：《中南财经政法大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有机马克思主义将过程哲学、马克思主义和中国传统智慧结合起来,旨在创造出一种超越现代性、有利于构建“生态文明社会”的有机哲学。他们坚持批判现代性价值体系和资本主义制度,要求通过以共同体价值观为核心的有机教育、建立市场社会主义、发展有机农业来解决生态危机,是一种探索中的生态文明理论。比较它同以生态中心主义为基础的“深绿”思潮、以人类中心主义为基础的“浅绿”思潮和以生态学马克思主义为代表的“红绿”思潮的理论异同,揭示其理论特点和理论缺陷,对于中国形态的生态文明理论的构建以及生态文明建设具有重要的价值和意义。具体说来,有机马克思主义是在生态危机全球化的背景下孕育而生的,它以新有机科学的发展为依据,试图实现马克思主义和过程哲学的相互补充。它对生态危机根源和解决途径的探讨形成了系统的生态文明观,主要体现在三方面:在生态危机论上,与西方“深绿”、“浅绿”和生态学马克思主义等西方绿色思潮对生态危机根源的探索不同,有机马克思主义立足于建设性后现代主义对现代性价值体系中的人类中心主义、经济主义、个人主义等价值观和资本主义制度展开批判;在生态价值观上,有机马克思主义基于自然价值论和共同体价值观阐发了它独特的后现代生态价值观。其中,共同体概念是其生态文明观的核心,主要表现在建立有机生命共同体的生态观和立足于共同体利益的政治观两方面;就生态治理而言,它主张人类社会和自然界是一个相互联系的有机生命共同体,并将市场社会主义、有机农业和以共同体为基础的有机教育当作解决生态危机的根本途径。通过与当代其他绿色思潮比较,可以发现,有机马克思主义把生态文明理解成一种人类文明史与人类自然史相疏离的后现代文明,它的一些生态主张存在着倒退回前工业时期的倾向,并不是对现代工业文明的超越。同时,有机马克思主义的生态文明观存在诸多缺陷:它误读了马克思主义理论,相比其他西方绿色思潮,其生态文明观存在着反对现代技术、抽象的共同体概念和实践上的乌托邦等内在缺陷。可以说,它未能超越马克思主义和生态学马克思主义。尽管如此,正在生成发展中的有机马克思主义坚持应当变革资本主义制度和生产方式,并反对个人主义价值观,大力宣扬共同体价值观,属于一种“非西方中心主义”的生态文明理论,可以为中国形态的生态文明理论的构建和生态文明建设提供思想资源。
[Abstract]:Organic Marxism combines process philosophy, Marxism and Chinese traditional wisdom in order to create a transcendent modernity. They insisted on criticizing the modern value system and capitalist system, and called for the establishment of market socialism through organic education with community values as the core. The development of organic agriculture to solve the ecological crisis is a theory of ecological civilization in the process of exploration, comparing it with the "deep green" trend of thought based on ecocentrism. The similarities and differences between the "light green" ideological trend based on anthropocentrism and the "red and green" ideological trend represented by ecological Marxism reveal its theoretical characteristics and theoretical defects. It is of great value and significance for the construction of ecological civilization theory and ecological civilization construction in China. Specifically, organic Marxism is born under the background of ecological crisis globalization. Based on the development of new organic science, it tries to realize the complementarity between Marxism and process philosophy. It is mainly embodied in three aspects: on the theory of ecological crisis, it is different from western green thoughts such as "deep green", "light green" and ecological Marxism in exploring the root causes of ecological crisis. Organic Marxism is based on constructive postmodernism to criticize the values of anthropocentrism, economicism, individualism and capitalist system in the value system of modernity. Based on the theory of natural value and the values of community, organic Marxism expounds its unique post-modern ecological values, in which the concept of community is the core of its view of ecological civilization. In terms of ecological governance, it advocates that human society and nature are an interconnected organic life community. Market socialism, organic agriculture and organic education based on community are regarded as the fundamental ways to solve the ecological crisis. Organic Marxism interprets ecological civilization as a kind of post-modern civilization which is alienated from the history of human civilization and nature. Some of its ecological propositions have the tendency of retrogression to the pre-industrial period. It is not the transcendence of modern industrial civilization. At the same time, there are many defects in the ecological civilization view of organic Marxism: it misreads Marxist theory, compared with other green thoughts in the West, its ecological civilization view is against modern technology. The inherent defects of the abstract concept of community and its practical utopia... it can be said that it has failed to transcend Marxism and ecological Marxism. Organic Marxism, which is in the process of forming and developing, insists that the capitalist system and mode of production should be changed, and opposes the values of individualism, and vigorously propagates the values of community, which belongs to the ecological civilization theory of "non-western centrism". It can provide ideological resources for the construction of ecological civilization theory and ecological civilization construction in China.
【学位授予单位】：中南财经政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B089.1

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