探究孔子哲学之“直”

发布时间：2018-04-05 12:43

本文选题：直　切入点：学　出处：《东北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：理解中国哲学需要用与其相应的观念和方法,以避免因误解其独特性所导致的整体意义失落。探讨孔子哲学之“直”及整个孔子哲学思想,始终要注意这一问题。孔子之前的文献中已广泛涉及“直”的问题,《尚书》表述了个体品格之“直”与政治品质之“直”的内在统一,并突出强调了“直”作为政治品质与施政方针的重要作用。孔子继承了传统思想的“体用同构”精神,将“直”深刻地理解为人性的本然诉求和人之为人的应然态度。然而行为中出现偏失,“直”就会产生负面效应并失去本来的意义,因此孔子极其重视实践层面的“学”,希望人通过不断地自我提升,实现德性并创造价值。这一现象似乎表明,孔子不再思考人性问题,并将全部精力倾注于生活实践。实际情况是,孔子正是通过实践和体验,实现着他对人性的真正探求。在孔子那里,生活实践不是盲目的、机械的行为积累,而是时刻保有反思并追溯内心本真性情的整体动态方式。由此,“直”与“仁”在人的本真性情层面发生了内在关联,它们共同表达着内心情感的真实声音与人性本然的积极取向,并在实践层面上探索着这一本体价值的实现途径。把握这一认识,才不会将“父子互隐”与“举直错诸枉”理解为相互矛盾的观点,才能够发掘“直”的真实意涵。
[Abstract]:To understand Chinese philosophy, it is necessary to use the corresponding concepts and methods to avoid the loss of the whole meaning caused by misunderstanding its uniqueness.To probe into the philosophy of Confucius and the whole philosophy of Confucius, we should always pay attention to this problem.The question of "directness" has been extensively involved in the previous documents of Confucius. The Book of Shang Shu describes the internal unity between the "straightness" of individual character and the "directness" of political quality, and stresses the important role of "directness" as a political quality and administrative policy.Confucius inherited the spirit of "body using isomorphism" of traditional thought, and deeply understood "directness" as the demand of human nature and the attitude of being human.However, if there is bias in behavior, "directness" will produce negative effect and lose its original meaning. Therefore, Confucius attaches great importance to the "learning" in practice, hoping that people can realize virtue and create value through self-improvement.This phenomenon suggests that Confucius stopped thinking about human nature and devoted all his energy to the practice of life.In fact, Confucius realized his true exploration of human nature through practice and experience.In Confucius, life practice is not blind, mechanical behavior accumulation, but always retain a reflection and trace the inner nature of the whole dynamic way.As a result, "straight" and "benevolence" are intrinsically related at the level of human's true disposition. They express the real voice of inner emotion and the positive orientation of human nature, and explore the way to realize this Noumenon value on the practical level.Only by grasping this understanding can we not interpret "father and son's mutual concealment" and "holding up wrongs and wrongs" as contradictory points of view, and can we discover the true meaning of "straight".
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B222.2

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