从秦国兴亡看商鞅变法速效根源

发布时间：2018-04-28 12:15

本文选题：“利出一孔” + 改革　；参考：《思想战线》2017年04期

【摘要】：速效性是商鞅变法成功的一个重要原因和特点,其根源在于极端贯彻运用了"利出一孔"思想。在国家掌控所有生存资源的前提下,秦国统治者遏制并关闭所有个人生存通道或空间,仅把"农战"作为民众唯一的生存"孔道",因此能快速集中国家肌体上每一个细胞的力量,驱动全民为兼并战争、统一中国效力。这对秦国暴兴功不可没,同时,也由于其缺乏制度弹性、悖逆人情等副作用,给秦朝暴亡埋下了重大隐患。秦国兴亡留给历史的昭示是,只有把强民作为强国的前提和基础,协调发展民力与国力的关系,才能走出"利出一孔"的利弊循环。这对进一步深入反思商鞅变法、总结改革与兴衰关系和推进国家治理现代化有很强的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Quick-effect is an important reason and characteristic of Shang Yang's reform, whose root lies in the extreme application of the idea of "benefit out one hole". On the premise that the state controls all the living resources, the rulers of the Qin Dynasty contain and close down all individual survival channels or spaces. Only the "agricultural war" is regarded as the only "hole" for the people to survive, so it can quickly concentrate the strength of every cell on the national body, drive the whole people into a war of annexation, and unify China. At the same time, due to its lack of institutional flexibility, disobeying human feelings and other side effects, it buried a major hidden danger to the sudden death of Qin Dynasty. The rise and fall of Qin state is left to history that only by taking the strong people as the premise and foundation of the powerful nation and coordinating the development of the relationship between the people's power and the national strength, can we get out of the cycle of advantages and disadvantages of "benefit out a hole". This is of great practical significance for further reflection on Shang Yang's reform, summing up the relationship between reform and prosperity and promoting the modernization of national governance.
【作者单位】：中央党校研究室;
【分类号】：B226.2;K233

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