卢卡奇早期美学思想中的现代性批判研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 14:42

本文选题：卢卡奇 + 早期美学思想　；参考：《中南财经政法大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为西方马克思主义哲学的代表人物之一,卢卡奇一生著述众多,其思想丰富而深刻。在反犹主义盛行与欧洲文明危机出现的时代背景下,卢卡奇写作了《现代戏剧发展史》、《心灵与形式》、《小说理论》以及致保尔·恩斯特(Paul Ernst)的书信。由于受新康德主义者、黑格尔哲学以及19世纪俄国批判的现实主义文学的影响,在这些文本中卢卡奇主要从美学理论角度表达了自己对资本主义的批判。事实上,这种批判是一种意识形态层面的批判,它是卢卡奇现代性批判理论的有机组成部分。本文主要分为三大部分:绪论、正文和结语。在绪论这一部分主要交代了文章的选题背景与意义、国内外研究综述、研究思路与方法以及文章的创新与不足。具体来讲,研究卢卡奇本人的现代性批判思想,尤其是透过其美学思想研究现代性批判是一种研究视角的转变;它有助于揭示美学理论背后的深刻寓意,同时有助于在今后的研究中历史性地把握卢卡奇整个现代性批判理论。对于卢卡奇现代性批判思想的研究,大量的研究者将重心放在了《历史与阶级意识》,这篇文章则以卢卡奇早期美学思想为突破口探究早期美学思想中的现代性批判,具有一定的研究价值。正文部分主要包括三章,从卢卡奇早期美学思想1中的现代性批判的“发生学考察”、主要内容以及理论得失三个方面,表达了对资本主义现代性的反思与审视。论文的第一章是卢卡奇早期美学思想中现代性批判的历史背景与理论渊源分析,其历史背景表现在反犹主义的兴起与欧洲文明危机的出现;在理论渊源这一部分,笔者认为新康德主义者、黑格尔以及19世纪俄国批判的现实主义文学家对卢卡奇的理论产生了影响。论文的第二章是主体部分,是卢卡奇早期美学思想中现代性批判的具体内容,笔者从“资本主义社会:一个异化的社会”、“资本主义社会:一个丧失总体性的社会”以及“艺术形式:资本主义的解决途径”这三个部分作了具体阐述。在论文的第三章,笔者对卢卡奇早期美学思想中的现代性批判作了理论得失的分析,该分析从理论贡献与理论限度两个方面加以展开,早期美学思想中的现代性批判不仅对卢卡奇本人的思想产生了影响,同时也影响着国外马克思主义的其他流派。具体来说,卢卡奇早期美学思想中的现代性批判不仅促进了他物化批判理论的形成,也对马尔库塞与赫勒的思想产生了影响。该思想的理论限度表现在艺术形式改造现实的力量薄弱以及实践上的乌托邦色彩。结语部分是对文章中心思想的把握,文章的主旨在于阐明卢卡奇在早期著作中通过艺术手段批判资本主义,是一种意识形态的批判,这种意识形态层面的批判从属于卢卡奇的现代性批判理论。
[Abstract]:As one of the representative figures of Western Marxist philosophy, Lukacs wrote many works in his life, and his thoughts were rich and profound. Against the background of the prevalence of anti-Semitism and the emergence of the crisis of European civilization, Lukacs wrote the History of Modern Drama, the mind and form, the Theory of Fiction and the letter to Paul Ernstr. Influenced by Neo-Kantian, Hegel's philosophy and Russian critical realism literature in the 19th century, Lukacs expressed his criticism of capitalism mainly from the angle of aesthetic theory. In fact, this criticism is an ideological criticism, which is an organic part of Lukacs' critique theory of modernity. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. In the introduction part, the background and significance of the topic, the research review at home and abroad, the research ideas and methods, and the innovation and deficiency of the article are explained. Specifically, studying Lukacs' critique of modernity, especially through his aesthetic thought, is a change of research perspective, which is helpful to reveal the profound meaning behind aesthetic theory. At the same time, it is helpful to grasp Lukacs' whole critique theory of modernity in the future research. For the study of Lukacs' critical thought of modernity, a large number of researchers have focused on History and Class consciousness. This article takes Lukacs's early aesthetic thought as a breakthrough to explore the criticism of modernity in the early aesthetic thought. It has certain research value. The main body part mainly includes three chapters, from Lukacs' early aesthetic thought 1 in the modernity critique "the generology investigation", the main content as well as the theory gain and loss three aspects, has expressed the reflection and the examination to the capitalist modernity. The first chapter is the historical background and theoretical origin analysis of modernity criticism in Lukacs' early aesthetic thought, which is manifested in the rise of anti-Semitism and the emergence of European civilization crisis. The author believes that Neo-Kantists, Hegel and 19 ~ (th) century Russian critical realism writers have influenced Lukacs' theory. The second chapter is the main part, which is the concrete content of modernity criticism in Lukacs' early aesthetic thought. The author starts from "capitalist society: a dissimilated society". "capitalist society: a society without totality" and "art form: the solution of capitalism" are elaborated in detail. In the third chapter, the author analyzes the theoretical gains and losses of the criticism of modernity in Lukacs's early aesthetic thoughts, which is carried out from the two aspects of theoretical contribution and theoretical limitation. The criticism of modernity in the early aesthetic thought not only influenced Lukacs' thought, but also influenced other schools of Marxism abroad. Specifically, the criticism of modernity in Lukacs' early aesthetic thought not only promoted the formation of his materialized critical theory, but also influenced Marcuse and Heller's thoughts. The theoretical limitation of this thought is that the power of artistic form to transform reality is weak and the utopian color in practice. The main idea of the article is to clarify that Lukacs criticized capitalism through artistic means in his early works, which is a kind of ideological criticism. This kind of ideological criticism belongs to Lukacs' critique theory of modernity.
【学位授予单位】：中南财经政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B089.1

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