《老子》之道的定义及部分经文新释

发布时间：2018-05-17 18:59

本文选题：老子 + 《老子》　；参考：《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：道是无和有的统一,作为宇宙的本原,先于天地万物而存在;道是天地万物的创造者,作为宇宙的本质,内在于天地万物之中;道是一种超越性的绝对,表现为对具体事物相对短暂的运动周期的超越,对具体事物相对有限的形态的超越,对单一的、平面的、没有生气的死亡之"静"的超越。道本身的运行有其规律性,但道不是规律,更不能等同于对立统一的规律;道是一种物质性存在,不能把理念、方法、原则、精神境界等归入到道的定义中去;道的本质属性是自然和无为,但自然不等于自然界,无为并不是无所作为。以逻辑的维度视之:"常使民无知无欲"中的"民"应为"人";"天地不仁……圣人不仁"中的"仁"应为"言";"善行……善言……善数"中的"善",从形容词意义上理解比从动词意义上理解更契合老子本义。
[Abstract]:Tao is the unity of nothing and some. As the origin of the universe, it exists before all things in heaven and earth. It is the creator of all things in heaven and earth, and as the essence of the universe, it lies in all things in heaven and earth; the Tao is an absolute transcendence. It is manifested in the transcendence of the relatively short motion cycle of the concrete thing, the relatively limited form of the concrete thing, and the surpassing of the "stillness" of the single, flat and lifeless death. The operation of Tao itself has its own regularity, but Tao is not a law, nor can it be equated with the law of unity of opposites; Tao is a kind of material existence, and it cannot bring ideas, methods, principles, spiritual realms into the definition of Tao. The nature of Tao is nature and inaction, but nature is not equal to nature, inaction is not inaction. According to the logical dimension, the "people" should be "human" and "the world is not benevolent" in "often makes the people ignorant without desire". The word "benevolence" in the sage is "words"; "good deeds". Good words. The "good" in the good number is more suitable to Laozi's meaning from the adjective meaning than from the verb meaning.
【作者单位】：岭南师范学院法政学院;
【分类号】：B223.1

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