《神学大全》中“信望爱”三德探析

发布时间：2018-06-04 22:15

本文选题：《神学大全》 + 神性德性　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：19世纪以来至今,经济、科技的全速发展及其不断扩张的市场输出,一方面加剧了世界范围内的文化冲突,同时也催生了德性伦理的复兴。正是在这样双重世界背景下,托马斯·阿奎那的《神学大全》受到越来越多的学者关注。这是因为,一方面,《神学大全》继承了亚里士多德的德性论思想,成为中世纪德性论思想的集大成者;另一方面,《神学大全》把基督教思想从“柏拉图式”转变为“亚里士多德式”的,由此成为中世纪基督教思想的巅峰。《神学大全》作为一个完整的体系由三部分构成:作为来源与奠基的形而上学;作为认知与方向的伦理学;以及指导信仰生活的圣事制度。从整体结构来看,由“信德、望德、爱德”三者所构成的“神性德性”,它不仅是使《神学大全》三部分内容构成其完整体系的纽带,也构成了《神学大全》中伦理理论的思想基础。故此,研究《神学大全》中的“神性德性”,不仅是研究西方德性论思想发展史的必要环节,也是了解中世纪基督教思想如何可能变成大众精神生活内容的不可或缺的一部分。基于如上认知,本文从三个层次展开对《神学大全》中信望爱三德的讨论。第一章通过对信望爱三德的历史背景、时代土壤、个人际遇的研究来还原《神学大全》的创作背景。通过对文本结构以及相互之间的生成关联的分析,来揭示信望爱三德在《神学大全》中的功能与地位。第二章分析信德、望德、爱德各自的内涵,通过对其三者在主体、对象、生成方式等三维度梳理,突出信德、望德、有德对“神性德性”的深度构成内涵,以及各自特定的视阈指涉和价值期待。第三章对信望爱三德间的关系进行梳理,从其发生、完成顺序到其主次顺序,再到它们间的功能关联展开分析,揭示信望爱三德之间的互动生成关系,由此解答了“神性德性”何以可能的问题。最后讨论《神学大全》如何发挥信望爱三德之间的内生功能,来建构起调和信仰与理性、神学与哲学为一体的神学系统,并以此作为对时代的境遇性回应。
[Abstract]:Since the 19th century, the full speed development of economy, science and technology and its expanding market output have not only aggravated the cultural conflicts in the world, but also accelerated the revival of moral ethics. It is against this background of the dual world that Thomas Aquinas's theology has attracted more and more attention. This is because, on the one hand, Aristotle inherited Aristotle's theory of virtue and became the epitome of medieval thought of virtue. On the other hand, the Biography of Theology changed Christian thought from "platonic" to "Aristotelian". As a complete system, it consists of three parts: metaphysics as the source and foundation, ethics as cognition and direction, and the institution of sacredness which guides the life of faith. From the overall structure, the "divine virtue", which is composed of "faith, hope and love", is not only the link that makes the three parts of "theology complete book" to form its complete system, It also forms the ideological basis of ethical theory in the Biography of Theology. Therefore, the study of "divinity" in the Divinity is not only a necessary link in the history of the development of western virtue theory, but also an indispensable part of understanding how medieval Christian thought may become a part of the spiritual life of the masses. Based on the above cognition, this paper discusses the three virtues of faith and love in the book of theology. The first chapter restores the background of theology by studying the historical background, the time soil and the personal fate of the three virtues of faith and love. Through the analysis of the structure of the text and the relationship between them, this paper reveals the function and position of the three virtues of faith and love in the book of theology. The second chapter analyzes the respective connotations of faith, hope and love. By combing them in three dimensions, such as the subject, the object and the way of generation, the thesis highlights the depth of virtue, which has the connotation of the depth of virtue to the "divine virtue". As well as their respective specific visual threshold refers to and value expectations. The third chapter combs the relationship between the three virtues of faith and love, from its occurrence, completion order to its primary and secondary order, and then to the functional relationship between them, to reveal the relationship of interaction between the three virtues of trust and love. Therefore, the question of how the divinity is possible is solved. Finally, this paper discusses how to exert the endogenous function between the three virtues of faith, hope and love to construct a theological system that harmonizes faith and reason, theology and philosophy, and takes it as a response to the circumstances of the times.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B503.21

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