有间和无间——宋明时期理学和心学在“天人合一”观上的差异
发布时间：2018-09-10 13:04
【摘要】：儒家传统的"天人合一"思想,在宋明时期经过理学和心学在道德形上学层面的发展而达到了顶峰。同是为了实现"天人合一"的圣人之境,理学和心学在这个"大同"的目标之外,又存在诸多"小异":理学以"天道"为核心,以"格物致知"为方法,将天道人道化,把天道和人道糅合在一起;心学以"人道"为核心,以"致知格物"为方法,以内在性为出发点,将人道天道化,化内在为超越。这些差异也导致了他们所理解"天人合一"境界在终极存在状态上的差异:理学派的"天人合一"是"有间"的,即是以主客二分,形上形下相分离作为理论前提的;而心学则强调了"无间"即主客未分的"天人合一"。
[Abstract]:The Confucian tradition of "harmony of nature and man" reached its peak during Song Ming's period through the development of Neo-Confucianism and psychology at the level of moral metaphysics. In order to realize the "unity of nature and human beings" as saints, there are many "small differences" between Neo-Confucianism and psychology in addition to the goal of "great harmony": Neo-Confucianism takes "the Tao of Heaven" as the core and the method of "making knowledge of nature and matter" as the method to humanize the Tao of Heaven. The study of mind takes "humanity" as the core, "knowledge" as the method, "inside" as the starting point, and "humanism" as the starting point, and turns humanity into "transcendence". These differences also lead to the difference in the ultimate existential state of the realm of "unity of man and nature" as they understand it: the "unity of nature and man" of the school of theory is "intermingled", that is to say, it is based on the dichotomy of subject and object, and the separation of form and form on the top of the form as the theoretical premise; However, the theory of mind emphasizes the unity of nature and man, in which the subject and object are not divided.
【作者单位】： 上海交通大学;
【分类号】：B244
本文编号：2234524
[Abstract]:The Confucian tradition of "harmony of nature and man" reached its peak during Song Ming's period through the development of Neo-Confucianism and psychology at the level of moral metaphysics. In order to realize the "unity of nature and human beings" as saints, there are many "small differences" between Neo-Confucianism and psychology in addition to the goal of "great harmony": Neo-Confucianism takes "the Tao of Heaven" as the core and the method of "making knowledge of nature and matter" as the method to humanize the Tao of Heaven. The study of mind takes "humanity" as the core, "knowledge" as the method, "inside" as the starting point, and "humanism" as the starting point, and turns humanity into "transcendence". These differences also lead to the difference in the ultimate existential state of the realm of "unity of man and nature" as they understand it: the "unity of nature and man" of the school of theory is "intermingled", that is to say, it is based on the dichotomy of subject and object, and the separation of form and form on the top of the form as the theoretical premise; However, the theory of mind emphasizes the unity of nature and man, in which the subject and object are not divided.
【作者单位】： 上海交通大学;
【分类号】：B244
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