杨献珍唯物论思想研究
发布时间：2018-10-21 15:38
【摘要】：杨献珍同志是我国著名的马克思主义哲学家、理论家、教育家,曾担任中共中央党校校长兼党委书记,中央顾问委员会委员。他的唯物论思想,从历史逻辑考察,是在新民主主义革命时期和社会主义建设时期形成的,特别是在20世纪50年代后期和70年代后期唯心主义泛滥、形而上学猖獗的历史境遇下得到丰富与发展,使其成为马克思主义唯物论思想中国化的代表人物之一;从理论逻辑考察,是把马克思主义唯物论思想与中国哲学史上的唯物论思想相结合,在实践中努力进行理论创新的结晶。其唯物论思想是马克思主义唯物论思想中国化的理论丰碑。杨献珍长期从事马克思主义哲学理论研究和党的哲学教学工作,始终坚持马克思主义唯物论,强调哲学基本问题是“哲学上最大的最基本的道理”,思维和存在的关系问题也是实际工作的基本问题,是“永远不会陈旧的”哲学命题。他始终坚持唯物论的反映论,反对唯心论的“同一论”;坚持能动的革命的反映论,反对消极的机械的反映论。他指出辩证唯物论的反映论是马克思主义理论的基石,党的实事求是的基本路线集中体现了辩证唯物论的反映论,突出强调坚持实事求是思想路线是有无党性原则的试金石;实事求是思想路线是无产阶级世界观和方法论的统一,坚持世界观、思想方法、工作方法与工作作风的统一,强调坚持一切从实际出发、理论联系实际、实事求是、坚持实践是检验真理的唯一标准的思想路线。杨献珍不仅在理论上坚持和发展了马克思主义唯物论、毛泽东的实事求是思想,更重要的是在实践上、在实际工作中坚持唯物论。他勇于批判极“左”思潮泛滥时期的主观主义、唯意志论催生下的“共产风”、“大跃进风”,批评唯心史观的“个人崇拜”、“家长制”,抵制“以阶级斗争为纲”的极“左”思想,提出“合二而一”的哲学思想。他提出了“综合经济基础论”,反对“单一经济基础论”;坚持把历史唯物主义作为科学社会主义的基石,反对空想社会主义;坚持历史唯物论,批判历史虚无主义。杨献珍强调唯物主义的党性原则,认为唯物主义和唯心主义是党性原则的根本分野,坚持党性原则就必须坚持实事求是的思想路线。杨献珍历经三次入狱,18年狱中囚禁依然坚守唯物主义者的立场和气节,充分体现了一个马克思主义哲学家彻底的唯物主义精神。研究、阐发、弘扬杨献珍的唯物论思想,对于创新发展马克思主义唯物论思想,丰富中国唯物论思想具有重要的理论价值及现实意义。
[Abstract]:Comrade Yang Xianzhen is a famous Marxist philosopher, theorist and educator in China. His materialism thought was formed in the period of the new democratic revolution and the period of socialist construction, especially in the late 1950s and the late 1970s. It has been enriched and developed under the historical circumstances of rampant metaphysics, making it one of the representative figures of the Sinicization of Marxist materialism. It is the combination of Marxist materialism and materialism in the history of Chinese philosophy, and the crystallization of theoretical innovation in practice. Its materialism thought is the theoretical monument of Marxism materialism thought in China. Yang Xianzhen has long been engaged in the study of Marxist philosophy theory and the Party's philosophy teaching work, and has always adhered to Marxist materialism, stressing that the basic philosophical problems are "the greatest and most fundamental truth in philosophy." The relationship between thinking and existence is also a basic problem in practical work and a philosophical proposition that will never be obsolete. He always adheres to the materialist theory of reflection and opposes the idealism of "the same theory"; he adheres to the dynamic revolutionary theory of reflection and opposes the negative theory of mechanical reflection. He pointed out that the reflection theory of dialectical materialism is the cornerstone of Marxist theory, the party's basic line of seeking truth from facts embodies the reflection theory of dialectical materialism, and stresses that adhering to the ideological line of seeking truth from facts is the touchstone of the principle of party spirit. The ideological line of seeking truth from facts is the unity of the proletarian world outlook and methodology, the unity of the world outlook, the ideological methods, the working methods and the work style, and stresses that all things should be based on reality, that theory should be combined with practice, and that we should seek truth from facts. Adhere to the ideological line that practice is the only criterion for testing truth. Yang Xianzhen not only adheres to and develops Marxist materialism in theory, Mao Zedong's thought of seeking truth from facts, but also adheres to materialism in practice and in practical work. He had the courage to criticize the subjectivism of the period of the extreme "left" trend of thought, the "common production style", the "great leap forward" style, the "personality cult" and the "patriarchal system" of the idealist view of history. Resist the extreme "left" thought of "class struggle", and put forward the philosophical thought of "combining two into one". He put forward the "theory of comprehensive economic foundation" and opposed the "theory of single economic foundation"; insisted on taking historical materialism as the foundation stone of scientific socialism and opposed utopian socialism; and insisted on historical materialism and criticized historical nihilism. Yang Xianzhen emphasizes the principle of Party spirit of materialism and holds that materialism and idealism are the fundamental distinctions of the principle of party spirit. To adhere to the principle of party spirit must adhere to the ideological line of seeking truth from facts. Yang Xianzhen has been in prison for three times, and for 18 years in prison, he still sticks to the stand and spirit of materialism, which fully embodies the thorough materialistic spirit of a Marxist philosopher. To study, elucidate and carry forward Yang Xianzhen's materialism is of great theoretical value and practical significance for the innovation and development of Marxist materialism and the enrichment of Chinese materialism.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B02
本文编号：2285548
[Abstract]:Comrade Yang Xianzhen is a famous Marxist philosopher, theorist and educator in China. His materialism thought was formed in the period of the new democratic revolution and the period of socialist construction, especially in the late 1950s and the late 1970s. It has been enriched and developed under the historical circumstances of rampant metaphysics, making it one of the representative figures of the Sinicization of Marxist materialism. It is the combination of Marxist materialism and materialism in the history of Chinese philosophy, and the crystallization of theoretical innovation in practice. Its materialism thought is the theoretical monument of Marxism materialism thought in China. Yang Xianzhen has long been engaged in the study of Marxist philosophy theory and the Party's philosophy teaching work, and has always adhered to Marxist materialism, stressing that the basic philosophical problems are "the greatest and most fundamental truth in philosophy." The relationship between thinking and existence is also a basic problem in practical work and a philosophical proposition that will never be obsolete. He always adheres to the materialist theory of reflection and opposes the idealism of "the same theory"; he adheres to the dynamic revolutionary theory of reflection and opposes the negative theory of mechanical reflection. He pointed out that the reflection theory of dialectical materialism is the cornerstone of Marxist theory, the party's basic line of seeking truth from facts embodies the reflection theory of dialectical materialism, and stresses that adhering to the ideological line of seeking truth from facts is the touchstone of the principle of party spirit. The ideological line of seeking truth from facts is the unity of the proletarian world outlook and methodology, the unity of the world outlook, the ideological methods, the working methods and the work style, and stresses that all things should be based on reality, that theory should be combined with practice, and that we should seek truth from facts. Adhere to the ideological line that practice is the only criterion for testing truth. Yang Xianzhen not only adheres to and develops Marxist materialism in theory, Mao Zedong's thought of seeking truth from facts, but also adheres to materialism in practice and in practical work. He had the courage to criticize the subjectivism of the period of the extreme "left" trend of thought, the "common production style", the "great leap forward" style, the "personality cult" and the "patriarchal system" of the idealist view of history. Resist the extreme "left" thought of "class struggle", and put forward the philosophical thought of "combining two into one". He put forward the "theory of comprehensive economic foundation" and opposed the "theory of single economic foundation"; insisted on taking historical materialism as the foundation stone of scientific socialism and opposed utopian socialism; and insisted on historical materialism and criticized historical nihilism. Yang Xianzhen emphasizes the principle of Party spirit of materialism and holds that materialism and idealism are the fundamental distinctions of the principle of party spirit. To adhere to the principle of party spirit must adhere to the ideological line of seeking truth from facts. Yang Xianzhen has been in prison for three times, and for 18 years in prison, he still sticks to the stand and spirit of materialism, which fully embodies the thorough materialistic spirit of a Marxist philosopher. To study, elucidate and carry forward Yang Xianzhen's materialism is of great theoretical value and practical significance for the innovation and development of Marxist materialism and the enrichment of Chinese materialism.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B02
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