王夫之理想人格思想研究

发布时间：2019-01-10 12:56

【摘要】：理想人格就是设计一种理想化的人格模式,它是社会的、伦理的、人生的理想的体现,是人格所要达到的最高境界,也是对社会最基本的价值目标的反映。因而如何培养理想的人格一直是中国哲学研究和探讨的重要课题。到了明末清初这一问题同样引起伟大思想家王夫之的思索和重视,并提出了超越前人的新观点,他给理想人格注入了新要素——豪杰精神。论文对王夫之理想人格思想的形成、内涵、践履途径和精神境界等方面作了比较系统的分析和论述,并在此基础上总结了王夫之理想人格思想的历史意义和现代价值。论文共分为三个部分:第一部分主要介绍了王夫之理想人格思想产生的前提条件。通过对王夫之生活的时代背景、个人生活经历的阐述及其气本论思想、人性论哲学基础的梳理,进一步论证王夫之理想人格思想的历史必然性。第二部分阐述了王夫之理想人格思想具有的特质、践履途径及理想人格应达到的精神境界。王夫之理想人格思想的内涵是极其丰富的,他批判“灭欲论”,从人之生存意义肯定人欲的合理性;在批判地继承传统义利思想精髓的基础上进行了创新,并形成了自己独具特色的义利思想;他十分推崇“生死当前而不变”的坚贞之志和民族气节。并认为在追求理想人格的道路上是永远没有尽头的,人不应止于现状,而要始终自强不息、不懈追求、不断地超越自我、完善自我。他还指出要通过正志诚意、达情养性、躬行践履等途径实现理想人格的构建。王夫之所追求的理想人格分为君子人格、豪杰精神、圣人人格三个层次。第三部分对王夫之的理想人格思想的历史意义和现代价值等主要内容作了简要论述。王夫之的理想人格思想不但促进了儒家理想人格的重塑,也推动了近代理想人格的发展,同时对于我们当代追求一种锐意进取、具备创新精神的完美人格思想亦具有积极的启示作用。
[Abstract]:Ideal personality is the design of an idealized personality model, which is the embodiment of social, ethical and life ideal, the highest state of personality, and the reflection of the most basic value goal of society. Therefore, how to cultivate ideal personality has always been an important subject in Chinese philosophy. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Fuzhi, a great thinker, also thought and paid attention to the problem, and put forward a new point of view beyond his predecessors. He injected a new element into the ideal personality-the spirit of hero. This paper makes a systematic analysis and discussion on the formation, connotation, practice way and spiritual state of Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality thought, and sums up the historical significance and modern value of Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality thought on this basis. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first part mainly introduces the premise of Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality thought. Based on the background of Wang Fuzhi's life, the exposition of his personal life experience and his theory of Qi, and the philosophical basis of humanism, this paper further demonstrates the historical inevitability of Wang Fuzhi's thought of ideal personality. The second part elaborates Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality thought has the characteristic, the practice way and the ideal personality should achieve the spiritual realm. The connotation of Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality thought is extremely rich. He criticizes the theory of "extinguishing desire" and affirms the rationality of human desire from the meaning of human existence. On the basis of critically inheriting the essence of the traditional thought of righteousness and benefit, he innovated and formed his own unique thought of righteousness and benefit. It is believed that there is no end to the pursuit of ideal personality, and that one should not stop at the present situation, but always strive for self-improvement, unremitting pursuit, constantly transcending oneself and perfecting oneself. He also pointed out that the ideal personality should be constructed through the ways of sincerity of purpose, cultivation of emotion and practice of practice. Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality is divided into three levels: gentleman personality, heroic spirit and sage personality. The third part briefly discusses the historical significance and modern value of Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality thought. Wang Fuzhi's ideal personality thought not only promoted the remolding of Confucian ideal personality, but also promoted the development of modern ideal personality. The perfect personality thought with innovative spirit also has the positive enlightenment function.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B249.2

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