马克思哲学中的斯宾诺莎因素

发布时间：2019-06-04 11:16

【摘要】：在本文看来,马克思哲学中包含着一定的斯宾诺莎因素,这一因素决定并制约着由马克思向斯宾诺莎的回溯空间。从青年黑格尔派到马克思的理论史的梳理将表明,与同样被归之于黑格尔哲学因素、但被马克思确定性地反叛并超越的费希特-鲍威尔因素以及费尔巴哈因素相比,斯宾诺莎及其施特劳斯离马克思哲学更近。承袭费希特主义的鲍威尔、赫斯、切什考夫斯基等的自我意识及其行动哲学,开出的是离弃启蒙精神的民粹主义及无政府主义,费尔巴哈缺乏社会政治批判意识的人本学唯物主义则是启蒙精神的倒退,而施特劳斯所承继的斯宾诺莎的实体论及唯物主义则保留了唯物主义及其基本的启蒙立场,包括斯宾诺莎的生命政治意识,均为马克思一般性地继承。但一旦超出启蒙论域,斯宾诺莎作为马克思哲学的因素,就显得勉强了;马克思哲学中的斯宾诺莎因素止步于唯物史观。
[Abstract]:In this paper, Marx's philosophy contains a certain Spinosa factor, which determines and restricts the backtracking space from Marx to Spinosa. The combing of the theoretical history from the young Hegelian to Marx will show that compared with the Fichte-Powell factor and the Feuerbach factor, which are also attributed to the philosophical factors of Hegelian, but have been categorically rebelled and surmounted by Marx. Spinosa and his Strauss are closer to Marxist philosophy. The self-consciousness and philosophy of action of Powell, Hess, Cheskovsky, etc., who inherited Fischism, opened up populism and anarchism that forsaken the spirit of enlightenment. Feuerbach's humanistic materialism, which lacks the sense of social and political criticism, is a retrogression in the spirit of enlightenment, while the entity and materialism inherited by Strauss retain materialism and its basic enlightenment position. Including Spinosa's political consciousness of life, all of which are inherited by Marx in general. However, once beyond the realm of enlightenment, Spinosa, as a factor of Marxist philosophy, seemed reluctantly; the Spinosa factor in Marxist philosophy stopped at historical materialism.
【作者单位】：复旦大学哲学学院暨当代国外马克思主义研究中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(编号2009JJD720006)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B0-0;B563.1

【相似文献】