基于“最近发展区”理论培养高中生化学素养的研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 21:50

本文选题：最近发展区 + 化学素养　；参考：《广西民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新课程改革提倡化学应该紧密联系生活,而化学素养作为科学素养的一个重要的组成部分,得到了教育工作者的关注。那么,基于最近发展区理论培养高中生的化学素养也成为了我们研究的课题。通过对国内外相关问题的研究,认为化学素养是由以下四个要素来构成:即化学核心观念之间的联系、能从化学角度观察世界并对与生活相关的问题做出合理的解释、有化学学科的思维并能知道如何研究新物质、对化学价值和局限性的正确认识。基于以上四个维度对广州市某一重点中学高中生及教师进行调查,通过调查发现:学生在从化学角度观察世界并对与化学相关问题做出合理的解释方面的能力有所欠缺,其他三个维度的能力整体上来看表现良好。而教师由于学生高考分数的压力、自身和学校的重视度不够等导致了培养学生化学素养过程中遇到了阻碍。依据以上的调查结果,设计了基于最近发展区理论培养高中生化学素养的教学模式。以人教版必修一作为载体,以高一年级的两个班作为研究对象,利用该模式和传统教学模式进行教学。本研究列举了根据该模式设计的两个教学设计。该教学设计的特色是每一个环节紧紧相扣,且分析了学生的现有发展水平和潜在发展水平。通过访谈的结果分析得知,经过此模式的教学,学生对与化学相关问题做出合理的解释方面的能力得到了一定的提升。最后,由于研究时间及本人教学实践和研究能力有限,总结出不足之处。望借此研究为中学化学教育作微薄贡献,同时也为化学素养研究提供实践参考。
[Abstract]:The new curriculum reform advocates that chemistry should be closely linked with life, and chemical literacy, as an important part of scientific literacy, has been concerned by educators. Therefore, cultivating high school students' chemical literacy based on the theory of proximal development area has also become the subject of our research. Through the study of the related problems at home and abroad, it is concluded that chemical literacy is composed of the following four elements: the connection between the core concepts of chemistry, the ability to observe the world from a chemical point of view and to make a reasonable explanation of the problems related to life. Have a mind in chemistry and know how to study new substances and understand the value and limitations of chemistry. Based on the above four dimensions, a survey of senior high school students and teachers in a key middle school in Guangzhou shows that students' ability to observe the world from a chemical point of view and to make a reasonable explanation of chemical-related problems is lacking. The ability of the other three dimensions is generally good. Due to the pressure of students' scores in college entrance examination and the insufficient attention paid by teachers and schools, teachers encounter obstacles in the process of cultivating students' chemical literacy. Based on the above investigation results, a teaching model of cultivating high school students' chemistry literacy based on the theory of proximal development area is designed. Taking the compulsory one as the carrier and the two classes in grade one as the research object, this model and the traditional teaching model are used to carry out the teaching. This study enumerates two instructional designs designed according to this pattern. The feature of this teaching design is that each link is closely linked, and the present and potential development level of the students is analyzed. Through the analysis of the results of the interview, we can see that through the teaching of this model, the students' ability to make reasonable explanation to the chemistry related problems has been improved to a certain extent. Finally, because the research time and my teaching practice and research ability is limited, summarizes the deficiency. Hope this research makes a meager contribution to middle school chemistry education, but also provides practical reference for chemical literacy research.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.8

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